高考英语常考「词组、句型」整理
如果要复习高考英语单词、短语、句型。只背诵3500词是不够的，常考词语当然要重点复习。
而最常考的词，自然是真题中出现过的。本文来自衡水中学，老师们整理了近年来高考中出现过的词组、句型。
Ps：电子版获取方式见文末
高考英语全国I、II、III卷“常考词组、句型”整理
一、全国卷 I 常考词句
1. 【A篇】Lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit. 游览过程中，有寄物柜可存放财物。
2. 【A篇】Pusherchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. 在服务台与Denny入口处可租到推椅和轮椅。
●If something you want or need is available, you can find it or obtain it. 能找到的；可获得的
Tickets are available free of charge from the school.
学校有免费票。
●Someone who is available is not busy and is therefore free to talk to you or to do a particular task.有空的;有暇的
Will she be available this afternoon?
今天下午她有空吗？
●Sth. be available(可使用)后接不定式时,若句子主语与该不定式有动宾关系,则该不定式可用主动式也可用被动式：
These cups are available to use [to be used].
这些茶杯可供使用。
●sth is available to sb '对于某人某物是可得到',to 后面的sb是可以得到sth.
The goal is to make higher education available to everyone.
目的是使每个人受到更高的教育。
I hope that higher education is available to everyone.
我希望每个人能受到更高的教育。
●用作定语修饰名词时，可置于名词之前或之后。
Please send me all the tickets available.
请把所有现有的票给我送来。
3. 【A篇】It's an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. 这是一个了不起的成就，是一个在个人、社团以及其它社会机构的慷慨支持下取得的成就。
●We cannot do sth without...'没有...我们不能做...'
We cannot survive without water.
4. 【A篇】feed your mind 充实你的思想
be located (in)... 位于...
have a passion for... 酷爱...
with great passion 热情洋溢地
5. 【B篇】A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all. 这的确是一个紧张的夜晚，但是有时自然之灵向我们露出了微笑(以示赞许)。
●to be sure '诚然；的确' 插入语。原句是 It's a nervous night, to be sure.
●smile on/upon比喻用法，指赞同、祝福、好运降临; 向…微笑,对…加以赞许等。
Good fortune smiled on our efforts, and our plan succeeded.
好运对我们的努力露出了微笑，我们的计划成功了。
Fate has smiled upon me at last!
终于，好运对我露出了微笑。
Fortune will not be always smile on you.
好运不会总是降临在你身上。
●smile to sb 距离较远，双方不便交谈，向某人微笑示意。
He smiles to me really sweetly it made my heart leap.
●smile at sb 通常是在面对面情况下'对/冲某人微笑'。
He smiled at me before he died.
6.【B篇】If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. 如果我能找到鸟窝，我就可以将它回去，但是没有这么幸运。
●but no luck=but had no luck=but with no luck
I've just been to the library but had no luck at all.
我刚刚去过图书馆，但是徒劳无功。
I tried an employment agency and answered some ads, but no luck.
我试过雇员中介机构，也应征过一些广告，但是，运气不佳。
7.【C篇】Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations. 但是，尽管在美国举行庆祝活动，爵士乐观众继续减少且年龄越来越大，并且这种音乐已经不能与年青一代产生共鸣。
●shrink=become smaller 收缩，减少
The vast forests of West Africa have shrunk in the past few decades.
在过去几十年里，西非的大片森林面积已缩小了。
●connect with sb 与...有交流;联系
If you stand on stage and share your view of the world, people will connect with you.
如果你站在舞台上，分享自己对世界的看法，人们会与你产生共鸣的。
8.【C篇】As the Kennedy Center's artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible and preserve its history and culture. 作为肯尼迪中心的爵士艺术顾问，Moran希望扩大爵士听众，使这种音乐更易理解并希望能保护它的历史与文化。
●If a place or building is accessible to people, it is easy for them to reach it or get into it. 可进入的
The Centre is easily accessible to the general public...
该中心普通大众可随意进入。
●If something is accessible to people, they can easily use it or obtain it.可使用的；可见到的
Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children.
药品不应放在儿童容易拿到的地方。
●If you describe a book, painting, or other work of art as accessible, you approve of it because it is simple enough for people to understand and appreciate easily.易懂的；易理解的
The aim of the programme is to make science more accessible to young people.
计划的目的是使科学更容易为年轻人所了解。
●have [gain, get, obtain] access to... 可接近; 可会见; 可进入; 可使用
Citizens may have free access to the library.
市民可以自由使用图书馆。
With the pollution of rivers and lakes,it is now becoming more and more difficult for us to have access to drinking water.
随着河流湖泊的污染，现在我们使用饮用水越来越难了。
9.【C篇】What I'm hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and white anymore. 我希望实现的是我们这一代与年轻一代开始重新考虑并理解爵士乐不再是黑白的
●If you accomplish something, you succeed in doing it.
If we'd all work together, I think we could accomplish our goal.
只要大家齐心协力，我想我们就能实现目标。
We will manage to accomplish the task in time even though it is difficult.
纵然任务艰巨，我们也要及时完成。
●An accomplishment is an impressive or remarkable thing that is done or achieved after a lot of work 成就；成绩
It was one of the President's greatest accomplishments.
那是总统最伟大的成就之一。
10.【C篇】Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost. Moran说今天爵士乐的问题之一是音乐的娱乐性已经消失了。
●One of the problems with... is that 从句 '...的问题这一是...'
11.【C篇】Those are the things I want to foster. 那是我想促进的东西。
=Those are (what) I want to foster.
●foster 促进；培养
The club's aim is to foster better relations within the community.
俱乐部的宗旨是促进团体内部的关系。
12.【D篇】Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it's all but impossible to find natural substitutes. 不幸的是，你须带必要的设备，因为几乎是不可能找到自然替代品。
●固定搭配all but...'几乎、差一点'。和almost意思相近。
The party was all but(almost) over when we arrived.
我们到达时,聚会已经快结束了。
13.【D篇】Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up--and out--the side of the hole.然后，放好管子以便管子的一端始终在杯子里，另一头向上通向洞口。
●in place 在对的位置；适当的位置；准备就绪；反义:out of place 不合适;不在应在的位置;
I like to have everything in place.
我喜欢一切都在其适当的位置。
She is used to putting everything in place.
她习惯放好一切东西。
You'd better put the valuable medals in place.
你最好将贵重的奖牌放好。
In my opinion, your attitude to her is out of place, which will hurt her very much.
依我看来，你对她的态度不妥，这会伤她的感情。
14.【七选五】I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. 然而，我还是被说服参加了另一个在荒野野营的充满乐趣的假期
●talk sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事=persuade someone to do something
Mark talked me into joining the club.
马克说服我加入该俱乐部。
15.【七选五】I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style. 我得说我逐渐地喜欢上了野营。毫无疑问，每个人尽早找到回归自然的路。我建议你找到自己的方式。
●come to understand(realize,know...) '开始理解/意识到/了解到...'
Luckily, people have come to realize how harmful pollution is.
可幸的是，人们开始意识到污染是多么的有害。
●It is true that 从句 '诚然;的确;毫无疑问...'
It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry.
毫无疑问，他在化学上有了一个重要发现。
●in style 在流行的，时尚的--反义：out of style；在方式上，在风格上
This type of dress is now in style.
这种款式的女装现在很流行。
Great Art, on the other hand, is always in style.
伟大的艺术，从另一角度说，永远风行。
They differ in style.
他们各有各的特色。
16.【完形填空】Little did I know that I would discover my love for ASL. 我根本不知道我会爱上美式手语。
●Little did I know that从句 我根本想不到...
Little did I know that I was easily taken in by his words.
我没有想到我会轻易地被他的话所骗。
●have a great love for sth对...的热爱
Most students have a great love for music.
多数学生热爱音乐。
17.【完形填空】What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the past. 我看到的完全不同于我过去经历过的。
=What I saw was completely different from what I had experienced in the past.
18.【完形填空】After that, feeling the need to explore further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club's meetings. 那以后，感到需要了解更多，我决定顺便看看其中的一个美式手语俱乐部。
●drop in on sb 顺便拜访某人(=call on sb)；drop in at sp 顺便拜访某地(=call at sp)。
19.【完形填空】I only learned how to sign the alphabet. Yet instead of being discouraged by my slow progress, I was excited. I then made it a point to attend those meetings and learn all I could. 我只学会了打字母的手势。但是没有受到我缓慢进度的影响，我非常兴奋。然后尽可能参加这些会议并学到了我能学到的所有东西。
●discourage sb from doing 阻止某人做某事 ; 打消某人做某事的念头
His parents tried to discourage him from being an actor.
他的父母试图阻止他当演员。
●make it a point to do sth 特别注意做...;应该；一定
If you normally smoke after meals, make it a point to do something else after you eat, like read or call a friend.
如果你通常饭后吸烟，那就特别注意在饭后做一些其他的事，比如说读书或者跟朋友打电话。
20.【完形填空】I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 我很快意识到这种沉静是令人愉快的。
●表达法：not unpleasant=pleasant.
It is not unusual to do sth. '...是很平常'
It is not unusual to witness that an increasing number of children are accompanied by parents on their first day in college.
常常会看到越来越多的孩子在上大学的第一天由父母陪伴。
21.【短文改错】I still remember how hard my first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor's orders, but once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. 我仍然记得第一天是多么的艰难。在我上车之前，我想我学会了驾驶教练所有的指令，但是我一起动车子，我的头脑一片空白。我完全地忘了他对我说过的一切。
22.【短文改错】I was so nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. 我如此紧张以致于我几乎分不清那个方向是左边。
二、全国卷 II 常考词句
1.【A篇】By translating the rich and humourous text of Love's Labor's Lost into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theater creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare's comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience. 将丰富而幽默的《爱的徒劳》剧本翻译成BSL肢体语，Deafinitely Theater对莎士比亚的喜剧进行了全新的诠释，目的是通过为听障人士与正常人表演，在两者之间架起沟通的桥梁。
●sb aim to do sth 力求达到...
We aim to finish by Friday.
我们力争星期五之前完成。
●Sth be aimed at doing sth 旨在(做)...
The program is aimed at reducing road accidents
这个计划旨在减少道路事故
●build a bridge between...and...=make a better relationship 在...之间架起沟通(联系)的桥梁
The training programme is seen as a bridge between school and work.
该培训计划被视为衔接学校和职场的桥梁。
The scheme is aimed at building bridges between the police and the community
该方案旨在搭建警民联系桥梁。
2.【A篇】Since 1985, they have been recognised as the national theatre of Israel. This production of Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice marks their first visit to the UK. 自从1985年以来，他们被认为是以色列的国家大剧院。莎士比亚的戏剧《威尼斯的商人》标志着首次访问英国。
●be recognized as sth
被认为是...
His novel was eventually recognized as a work of genius.
他的小说终于被认为是天才之作。
●mark...v.标志(转折点)
These elections mark the end of an era.
这些选举标志着一个时代的结束。
●mark... 庆祝，纪念〔重要事件〕=to celebrate an important event
They held celebrations to mark National Day.
他们举行活动庆祝国庆节。
●mark sth with sth 用...庆祝...
Carter's 90th birthday will be marked with a large party at the Hotel.
卡特90岁生日将在酒店举办盛宴庆贺
Mrs Lawson was presented with a gold watch to mark the occasion.
劳森太太被赠予一块金表作为纪念。
3.【B篇】The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were respectful of craft and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. 我们之间友谊源于拍摄那部影片以有四年后拍摄The Sting这部影片的经历。这种友谊源于这样的一个事实：尽管年龄不同，我们都有着戏剧与电视直播的传统背景。我们尊重彼此的技艺并注意探寻我们要演出的人物。
●have its roots in... 起源于
Jazz has its roots in the folk songs of the southern states of the US.
爵士乐起源于美国南部诸州的民歌。
●grow out of... 产生于，源于
His art grew out of his love of nature.
他的艺术作品源于他对大自然的热爱。
●be respectful of... 尊重...
He was always respectful of my independence.
他一向尊重我的独立。
They listened in respectful silence.
他们毕恭毕敬地静听。
●be typical of......是...的特征,特有的
This painting is typical of his work.
这幅画是他的典型作品。
●stand up for sb/sth 支持; 维护
It's time we stood up for your rights.
该是我们维护自己权利的时候了。
4.【B篇】We shared the belief that if you're fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back...Paul and I didn't see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together. 我们有相同的信念：如果你有幸成功了，你应该付出回报...我与Paul不是经常见面，但是，有相同的信念使我们的关系非常亲近。
●share...共同拥有某种看法﹑特质或经历
--to have the same opinion, quality, or experience as someone else
●share sb's view / concern / belief 有共同的观点；担心；信念
Other parents share her belief in the importance of reading.
其他父母和她看法一样，也认为阅读非常重要。
I believe my view is widely shared.
我相信我的观点为许多人所认同。
Many scientists share the same concern.
许多科学家也表达了同样的担忧
●share sth with sb 与某人有相同的特征
Stubbornness was a characteristic he shared with his mother.
固执是他和他母亲共有的特征。
●bring...together 使...团结起来，联合起来
Efforts should be made to bring together people of different races.
应该尽力让不同种族的人团结起来。
The advantage is that partners can bring together ideas, talents, and money.
好处是合伙人可以集思广益，聚集人才和资金。
5.【B篇】He and I both knew what the deal was, and we didn't talk about it. Ours was a relationship that didn't need a lot of words. 我和他都知道是怎么回事，可我们不谈这些事。我们的友谊是一种不需要说什么就明白的关系。
●It's a deal. 就这么办
--spoken used to say that you agree to do something
●What's the deal? 怎么啦？；怎么回事？
--spoken used when you want to know about a problem or something strange that is happening
So what's the deal? Why is he so mad?
怎么回事？他干吗发这么大火？
6.【C篇】Terrafugia Inc. said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year. Terrafugia公司于周一宣布它的新型飞行汽车已经完成首飞，这让公司在明年之内销售的目标更近了。
●bring...close to...使...接近...
Sports can not only improve our body and relax our mind, but can also bring us close to nature, and enable us to enjoy our lives fully.
体育运动不仅提高我们的体质，轻松大脑，而且可以让我们更接近生命的真谛，让我们能够充分享受生活。
7.【C篇】The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly. 政府已经允许公司使用特殊材料以使汽车更易飞行。
●make it easier for sb to do sth 使某人更容易做...
This will make it easier for you to practice some of the English words and expressions you hear.
这让你更容易练习你听到的一些英语单词与短语。
Computers make it easier for us to communicate with friends.
电脑使得我们和朋友沟通时更加容易。
8.【C篇】The Transition is now going through crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards. 飞行汽车Transition现在正在进行碰撞测试以确保它满足联邦的政府的标准。
●meet a need(demand; requirement; condition...) 满足需求/需要/要求/条件等
The company says it is unable to meet the workers' demands for higher wages.
公司称无法满足工人加薪的要求。
●fold up 折叠起来
●put down a deposit (on sth)=pay a deposit 付订金（购买某物）
We put down a deposit on a house.
我们支付了买房子的订金。
●Don't expect it to show up in too many driveways.
不要期望它出现在许多车道上。
●make...a reality 使...成为现实
●ambiguous 模棱两可的;含糊的
●favourable 有利的;赞许的
9.【D篇】Young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. 受到啃咬的小枫树会释放出一种附近树苗会接收到的特殊气味。
●get bitten 构成被动,侧重动作的结果
如：get+ hurt; injured; wounded(受伤); broken; killed; lost(迷路); paid(拿工资); married; burnt; separated(分开/散); drowned(被淹死); caught in(陷入;遭到); damaged(遭到破坏); dressed(穿衣服); repaired; poisoned...
The place is reasonably clean and nobody will get poisoned with the food I give them.
这地方还算干净，吃我做的饭菜没人会中毒。
I can bring my picnic mat so we don't get bitten by ants.
我可以带我的野餐垫，这样我们就不会被蚂蚁咬了。
The oil is burning. don't come near or you might get burnt.
油烧起来了。别走近，否则你会被烧着的。
●send out a signal, sound, light, or heat 发出(信号、声音、光、热等)
The sun sends out light all the time.
太阳一直发光。
When did that ship send out an SOS signal?
那艘船何时发出呼救信号的？
The flowers give out a nice fragrance.
花儿香气四溢。
Today's microelectronic devices pump out a lot of heat.
当今的微电子器件们总是排出大量热。
10.【D篇】Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened to 'overhear' the cry. 可能第一棵树只是发出痛苦的叫声或者是向自己的枝条发出信息，因此，实际上它只是自言自语。可能附近的树只是碰巧听到叫声。
●in effect 实际上，事实上
In effect, we'll be earning less than we were last year.
实际上，我们挣钱会比去年少。
This will, in effect, make your television a computer.
实际上，你的电视将成为一台电脑。
●(happen to) overhear... 无意中听到，偶然听到
I overheard part of their conversation.
我碰巧听到了他们谈话的部分内容。
●overhear sb saying sth 偶然听到某人正在说...
She overheard the management discussing pay rises.
她无意中听到管理层在讨论加薪的事。
●overhear sb say (that) 偶然听到某人说...
We overheard the teacher say there would be a quiz today.
我们无意中听到老师说今天有测验。
●under attack 受到攻击
The police came under attack from angry crowds
警察遭到愤怒的人群的袭击。
●a mixture of......的混合物
They looked at him with a mixture of horror, envy, and awe.
他们带着一种恐惧、嫉妒和敬畏交织在一起的复杂心情望着他。
Air is a mixture of gases.
空气是多种气体的混合物
●for short 简称
Beijing is called Jing for short.
北京略称京
●apparently 显然地
She was apparently a very nervous woman, and that affected her career.
她显然是一个很神经质的女人，这一点影响了她的事业。
●relatively speaking 相对来说
Relatively speaking, today's examination is more easier.
今天的考试相对比较容易。
●back and forth 来回地；反复地
We travel back and forth all the time between Canada and England.
我们一直是在加拿大和英格兰之间来回跑。
11.【七选五】If you're in the other person's office or in the public area, it's much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are. 如果你在别人的公办室或者在公众场合，比起你让别人离开你的地方，甚至，你说了你很忙，有礼貌地告辞回来做事更容易些。
●excuse yourself 礼貌地告辞
--to say politely that you need to leave a place
Richard excused himself and went to his room.
理查德礼貌地告辞，到自己的房间去了。
●excuse sb for (doing) sth 原谅某人的小错
I'll excuse you this time, but don't be late again.
这次我原谅你，但别再迟到了。
Please excuse me for being so late today.
请原谅，我今天来得太晚了。
●excuse sth 给…找理由；解释...
--explain sth; to be or give a good reason for someone's careless or offensive behaviour
Nothing can excuse that kind of rudeness.
什么也无法为那种粗鲁行为开脱。
A woman excused interruption and handed me an envelope.
一位女士解释打扰的原因并递给我一个信封。
●get down to (doing)sth 开始做〔需要花费许多时间或精力的事〕
--to start doing something that is difficult or needs a lot of time or energy
It's time we got down to work.
我们该开始干活了。
We need to get down to some serious talking.
我们需要认真谈一谈。
I always find it hard to get down to revising.
我一直觉得很难打起精神开始温习。
12.【七选五】If someone knocks and it's not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know you're busy so they can get the hint that when the door is closed, you're not to be disturbed. 如果有人敲门，而且事情不重要，你要有礼貌地告辞并让人知道你很忙。这样他们心里会知道，如果门关了，就不应该打扰你。
●disturb sb 干扰，打扰，使中断
--to interrupt someone so that they cannot continue what they are doing
Sorry to disturb you , but I have an urgent message.
对不起打扰一下，我有个紧急消息。
The thieves fled when they were disturbed by a neighbour.
窃贼们被一名邻居惊动后逃跑了。
●Do not disturb. 请勿打扰。
●disturb sb 使焦虑，使担心,使不安
What disturbs me most is that he doesn't regret it at all
最令我不安的是他对此根本不感到后悔。
●be to do/be to be done 表示必须或应该，在意义上等于must，should，ought to 或have to。
You are to finish the work before five this afternoon.
你们必须在今天下午五点以前完成这项任务。
This medicine is to be taken three times a day. =This medicine should be taken three times a day.
这种药一天要服三次。
13.【完形填空】I advised the kids that while verbs may seem dull, most of the fun things they do throughout their lives will be verbs. 我曾经建议动词有些沉闷无趣，但人一生中所做的大部分有趣的事会是动词。
●while 连词，位于句首,'虽然，尽管'
--in spite of the fact that从句
While I understand what you say,I can't agree with you.
虽然我理解你的意思,但我还是不同意.
While there was no evidence, most people thought he was guilty.
虽然没有证据，大多数人还是认为他有罪。
He always works hard in spite of the fact that he is not in good health
尽管他身体不好，但他总是努力地工作。
14.【完形填空】I told the story to the class. As sad as it was, I couldn't help smiling.Although Freddy was taken from us, we all take something from Freddy. 我课上讲了这个事。虽然此事令人伤心，但是我还是情不自禁的笑起来。尽管Freddy已经离我们而去，但我们都应该向他学习
●在美国英语中，通常用as...as引导让步状语从句，相当于as或though.
As cold as it was, we went out.=Cold as/though it was, we went out.
尽管天很冷，我们还是出去了。
As successful as he is, he is not proud.=Successful as he is, he is not proud.
虽然他成功了，但他不骄傲。
As sad as that is, there is something good about it.
虽然这是让人忧伤的事，但却有些好处。
15.【语法填空】However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and with six months, more than 25000 people were using every day. 然而，铁路很快被证明是很成功的，在六个月内，每天有二万五人在使用它。
●prove (to be） adj/n 被证明是;被发现是...
--连系动词 If someone or something proves difficult, helpful, a problem etc, they are difficult, helpful, a problem etc
The design proved to be a success.
那个设计后来证明很成功。
16.【语法填空】It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public. 它有漆成白色隧道与鲜红的车厢，它被证明非常受大家的欢迎。
●be popular with/among sb 受到...的喜爱与欢迎
--be liked by a lot of people
Coffee is probably the most popular drink in the world.
咖啡很可能是世界上最受欢迎的饮料。
Mr. Zhang's teaching stlye is quite popular with his students.
Mr. Zhang的教学方式受到学生的喜欢。
三、全国卷 III 常考词句
1.【A篇】This delicious tour goes through the city on its way to Treasure Island where we will stop at the famous Winery SF. 这次开心的旅行会穿过旧金山前往金银岛，在那里我们会停留在著名的Winery SF.
● delicious 令人愉快的; 开心的
--extremely pleasant or enjoyable (熟词生义)
● make reservations in advance 提前预订
Advance reservations are strongly recommended. 建议提前预订。
● Sb be required to do sth 要求某人做...
2.【A篇】Authentic fire gear is provided for your warmth as you get into the holiday spirit. 当你进入节日的气氛时，会提供你真正的消防服取暖。
Authentic fire gear is provided for your warmth as our entertainers take you to some of the most thrilling parts of San Francisco. 当表演者带你到旧金山最扣人心弦的的一些地方时，会提供你真正的消防服取暖。
● authentic 真正的，逼真的
--real and genuine；true and accurate
I don't know if the painting is authentic.
我不知道这幅画是不是真迹。
● thrilling 扣人心弦的；令人兴奋不已的
Our wildlife trips offer a thrilling encounter(相遇，碰见) with wildlife in its natural state.
野生动物园之旅使我们得以接触自然状态下的野生动物，让人感觉很刺激。
3.【B篇】
● sweep up 扫除;清扫
Get a broom and sweep up that glass, will you? 拿扫帚把那些玻璃清扫干净好吗？
● clean up 打扫; 清扫; 把…弄干净
Under pressure from the public, many regional governments cleaned up their beaches. 迫于公众压力，许多地区政府对各自海滩进行了清理。
● cleanup... n. 打扫; 清洗
If Casey is correct, the total cost of the cleanup would come to$ 110 billion.
如果凯西是对的，清理的总花费将达1,100亿美元。
● in preparation for...为…作准备
They are collecting information in preparation for the day when the two sides sit down and talk. 他们正在收集情报，为双方坐下来谈判的那一天做准备。
● classic n. 名著；经典作品；杰作
As I grow older, I like to reread the classics regularly.
随着年龄渐长，我喜欢经常重读经典著作。
The film classic The Last Picture Show was the last movie shown in the old theater.
经典电影《最后一场电影》是这家老电影院放映的最后一部电影。
4.【B篇】However, these plans were abandoned because of financial problems. Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located. 然而，这些计划因为财务问题被放弃了。Bradford把电影院与地皮卖给了当地的一家开发公司，该公司计划在电影院所在的位置建一个综合商场。
● abandon... v. 放弃，中止
They abandoned the match because of rain.
因为下雨，他们中止了比赛。
● close down v. 停业;关闭
The factory had to close down for lack of orders. 那家工厂因无人订货而被迫关闭。
The shop had to close down at last.
这家店终于倒闭了。
● knock down 推倒，拆掉（建筑物）
Why doesn't he just knock the wall down?
他为何不干脆把墙推倒？
He died in hospital after being knocked down by a car.
他被车撞倒后死在了医院。
● part with...与...分开；离开...
He spent so many unforgettable days with them that he was unwilling to part with them.
他与他们一起度过那么多难忘的日子，他舍不得离开他们。
5.【C篇】What did the disappearance of gray wolves bring about? 灰狼的消失造成了什么？
● bring about... 引起；导致；造成
The Internet has brought about enormous changes in society.
网络带来了巨大的社会变革。
A huge amount of environmental damage has been brought about by the destruction of the rain forests.
毁掉热带雨林给环境造成了巨大的破坏。
● in the absence of ... 缺乏…时; 当…不在时
Mr. Wang will be in charge in my absence.
我不在时，由王先生负责。
In the absence of any evidence, the police had to let him go.
警察没有证据，只好把他放了。
6.【C篇】Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets. 很多农民反对这个计划，因为他们担心灰狼会吃掉他们的家畜或宠物。
● oppose... 反对；阻碍
Many parents oppose bilingual education in schools. 很多家长反对学校实行双语教育。
● be opposed to (doing) sth 反对某事物；不赞成某事
Most of us are opposed to changing the present situation.
我们大多数人反对改变目前的状况。
● fear...v. 害怕，担心
The police fear that there may be further terrorist attacks.
警方担心可能会有进一步的恐怖袭击。
Women feared to go out at night.
女性晚上不敢外出。
When Tom heard about the accident, he immediately feared the worst. 汤姆一听到出事， 就担心会发生最坏的情况。
7.【D篇】Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people, leading to them becoming more isolated and inactive. 研究表明,老年人放弃开车是健康与幸福下降的一个主要原因，导致他们更加封闭与不活跃。
● a fall 下降；降低；减少
There will be a fall of 2% in the birth rate.=The birth rate will fall by 2%.出生率将减少2%。
According to a report, last year saw a sharp rise in the number of Chinese travelling abroad. 根据一份报道，去年中国人出境旅游的人数急剧上升。
8.【D篇】For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others. 对于许多老年人，特别是独自生活或生活在农村的老年人，开车对维持独立以及自由出行很重要，开车也意味着不必依靠别人。
● preserve... 保持，维持（原状）
--If you preserve a situation or condition, you make sure that it remains as it is, and does not change or end.
We will do everything to preserve peace.
我们会尽全力维持和平。
保护；保存；维护--If you preserve something, you take action to save it or protect it from damage.
We need to preserve the forest.
我们需要保护森林。
9.【D篇】The DriveLAD is helping us to understand what the key stress points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems. 驾驶实验室帮助我们理解老年驾驶员的主要压力来源和主要困难并帮助理解我们如何使用技术来解决问题。
● address a problem(question; issue..)
We need time. But we have confidence and strong determination to address the problem. 我们需要时间，不过我们有信心和坚强的决心解决问题。
● at the risk of (getting fined) 冒着被罚款的危险
● ...ensure that older drivers stay safe behind the wheel
确保老年驾驶员开车时保持安全(behind the wheel “开车时；控制，掌握”)
● the benefits of ... ...的优势；益处
I've had the benefit of a good education.
我得益于受过良好教育。
● a solution to ... ...的解决方法
We're relying on you to find a solution to this problem.
我们要依靠你去找到这个问题的解决方法。
Confronted with this problem, we should strive to find a solution to it.
面对这个问题，我们应该努力找到解决它的办法。
10.【七选五】Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resetting your body clock. 许多人发现早上很难起床并将责任归咎于闹钟上。事实上，早上准时醒来的关键在于重设你的生物钟。
● put the blame on sb... 归咎于某人
Don't try to put the blame on me.
别想把责任推到我的身上。
● sb/sth is to blame (for sth)
Officials believe that more than one person may be to blame for the fire.
政府官员认为，这场火灾可能不止一人负有责任。
But you're not to blame, I can't put the blame on you.
但这不怪你，我不能把责任推到你身上。
● lie in... 在于...
Failure doesn't lie in not reaching your goal, but in not having a goal to reach.
失败并不在于没达到你的目标，而在于没有目标去努力。
Happiness does not lie in wealth.
幸福并不在于财富。
● keep track of... 记录; 了解...
I use a small notebook to keep track of all the new sentences I learn. 我用一个小笔记本记录我所学到的所有新句子。
I always make sure I keep track of all the money I spend.
我总是留意记录下我所花过的钱。
● make a change 进行改变
But I think it's time for me to make a change.
但我认为现在是我改变现状的好时机。
We can stand it anymore! Let's make a change!
我们不能再忍受了，让我们进行改变吧！
● now that... (连词) 既然
Now that the children have cleaned up, you can let them go.
孩子们已经梳洗了，你可以让他们走了。
Now that you have expressed your determination, you should act.
你既表示了决心，就应该见之于行动。
11.【七选五】Once you are clear about your reasons, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make. 一旦你明白了你做出的这个改变的原因，就告诉你的家人或室友你想做出的改变。
● once... (连词)一旦...
It's simple once you know how.
我一旦知道了就简单。
You can't return underwears once you've tried them on.
内衣一旦试穿后就不能退。
● be clear about... 明白...; 明确...
We must be clear about where the responsibility lies. 我们必须清楚责任所在。
We need to be clear about what we expect from our colleagues and what we will not tolerate. 我们必须清楚什么是我们对同事的期望以及什么是我们所无法容忍的。
12.【完形填空】
● apply...to... 把...应用到...
to apply one's knowledge to a problem
把知识应用于解决问题
to apply a theory to a problem
应用原理解决问题
● But restrictions apply.但是有限制。
Age restrictions may apply for access to certain facilities.
某些特定的娱乐设施具有年龄限制。
Those restrictions may apply to price, quality or amount of service.
这些限制可以针对价格、质量或服务的数量。
●...go to waste 浪费
It seemed a pity to let it all go to waste.
让这一切白白浪费掉，真是可惜了。
If I change careers my skills will go to waste.
如果我改行，我的技能就会浪费了。
●...come to mind 想起...
There are several reasons for this, but two in particular come to mind.
有几个原因，但有两个问题特别浮现脑海。
This game is the first thing to come to mind when we think of online games. 当我们想到网络游戏时，首先会想到这个游戏。
●...come into effect ... 实行；实施；生效
The new law will come into effect next month.
新的法律下个月生效。
When will the new regulation come into effect?
新的规章什么时候开始生效？
●...go on sale 出售
All tickets go on sale this Friday.
所有票在本星期五开始销售
The new type of car is due to go on sale around the world on December 1st.
这种新款车预定于12月1日起在全世界发售。
● the/ an offer of sth/ to do sth ...的好意；主动帮助
--an act of saying that you are willing to do sth for sb or give sth to sb
Thank you for your kind offer of help.
谢谢你的好心帮助。
You can't just turn down offers of work like that.
人家给你工作，你不能就那样一一谢绝呀。
● out of question 毫无疑问
If you persist, your success is out of question.
假如你坚持下去，成功是无疑的。
It is out of question that she will pass the entrance examination.
她入学考试会成功，那是毫无疑问的。
● out of the question 不可能的
It is pretty obvious that this is completely out of the question.
很明显可以看出，这是完全不可能的。
Since buying a house was out of the question, they rented one.
因为买房子是不可能的，所以他们租了一个房子。
● in return (for...) 作为(...)的回报
In return (for it), I'll show you some picture books.
作为报答，我将给你看一些画册。
In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs.
这个乞丐倒立着唱了几支歌作为报答。
● be scheduled to do... 定于；计划于..(做)
The prime minister is scheduled to arrive at noon. 首相定于中午到达。
The meeting is scheduled to last three days. 会议为时三天。
13.【语法填空】She has turned down several invitations to star at show in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree in engineering or architecture. 为了集中精力学习，她拒绝了几个走秀邀请。中学毕业以后，她计划在上大学获得工程或建筑学位之前休假一年来做全职模特。
● turn down... 拒绝(某人或请求、提议)
There's no reason to turn down this suggestion.
没有任何理由拒绝这个建议。
Supposing I turn down your offer, would you feel disappointed?
假如我拒绝你的提议，你会感到失望吗？
● take (a year) off 休假(一年)
We'll need to plan ahead if we want to take a year off for travelling.
如果我们想休假一年去旅行，我们就要提前计划好。
So I think I'll take a year off and come back with renewed enthusiasm. 所以我打算休学一年，重拾热情，再度归来。
14.【语法填空】My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school comes first. I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is certainly fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model any more. 我爸认为我应该接受邀请。但是现在学习是首要的事。我不想把主要精力集中于做模特。当然这很好玩但生活方式有些不真实。我不想当我不做模特的时候没有其它的东西可以依靠。
● be/get absorbed in (doing)sth 全神贯注于,专心致志于;
They will concentrate on teaching the basics of reading and writing. 他们将集中教授阅读、写作和算术基础知识。
Time passes quickly when you are absorbed in reading a good book.
在阅读一本好书时,时间过得很快。
Undoubtedly, children will be most likely to be absorbed in study not in fantasy.
无疑, 孩子们将更可能将他们的精力注入到学习而不是幻想中。
● fall back on...依赖；求助于...
Don't fall back on others but do the job yourself. 别依赖别人，你自己干。
In an emergency we can fall back on our savings.
在情况紧急时，我们可以依靠我们的积蓄。
15.【短文改错】This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of my high school days. 这张照片让我想起了我中学时期的许多美好记忆。
●bring...back (to sb) 使记起；使想起...
--Something that brings back a memory makes you think about it.
Your article brought back sad memories to me. 你的文章使我想起了伤心的往事。
Let's have a glass of beer to bring back the good old days.
让我们喝杯啤酒，回忆往日的好时光。
His singing brings back memories of my father. 他的歌唤起了我对父亲的回忆。