美国乳腺癌临床实践指南第三版更新

  仅仅时隔17天,美国国家综合癌症网络NCCN于2021年3月29日悄然将乳腺癌临床实践指南更新至2021年第3版,全文共计244页,免费注册登录后仍可免费下载:

NCCN为非国立、非营利、全国综合癌症中心联盟组织,1993年11月成立,1995年1月31日正式宣布成为全国联盟,最初由13个美国知名综合癌症中心组成,目前已经增至30个:

前情提要

  NCCN乳腺癌临床实践指南2021年第3版架构仍为临床路径+循证解读+参考文献,其依据仍来自权威学术期刊或学术会议最新发表的大样本多中心随机对照三期临床研究结果。本版更新内容较少,主要针对英国《柳叶刀》肿瘤学分册刚发表的70基因MINDACT研究中位随访8.7年结果,具体如下(下划线为新增内容,中划线为删除内容)

乳腺浸润癌(BINV)基因表达检测指导术后全身治疗决策(BINV-N 3 of 5)

  • 70基因(MammaPrint)对于病理淋巴结阴性或1~3枚淋巴结阳性患者化疗决策的指导作用:2016年美国麻省医学会《新英格兰医学杂志》发表的MINDACT研究中位随访5年结果表明,对于临床风险高而70基因风险低的早期乳腺癌患者,术后未接受辅助化疗的无远处转移生存率为94.7%(95%置信区间:92.5%~96.2%)。对于1~3枚淋巴结阳性患者,术后接受辅助化疗的无远处转移生存率为96.3%(95%置信区间:93.1~98.1),而未接受辅助化疗的无远处转移生存率为95.6%(95%置信区间:92.7~97.4)。因此,此类患者术后辅助化疗的额外获益可能很小。根据亚组分析,化疗获益主要见于50岁以下患者。2021年英国《柳叶刀》肿瘤学分册发表的MINDACT研究中位随访8.7年结果表明,化疗与不化疗相比,年龄≤50岁患者的8年远处无转移生存率相差5.4%±2.8%,年龄>50岁患者的8年远处无转移生存率仅相差0.2%±2.3%。尚不明确年龄≤50岁女性所见化疗获益是否与化疗所致卵巢功能抑制相关。

  • 70-gene (MammaPrint) (for pN0 and 1-3 positive nodes): With a median follow-up of 5 years, among patients at high clinical risk and low genomic risk, the rate of survival without distant metastasis in this group was 94.7% (95% CI, 92.5%-96.2%) among those who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy. Among patients with 1-3 positive nodes, the rates of survival without distant metastases were 96.3% (95% CI, 93.1-98.1) in those who received adjuvant chemotherapy vs 95.6 (95% CI, 92.7-97.4) in those who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy. Therefore, the additional benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy may be small in this group. In a subset analyses, the benefit of chemotherapy was mostly seen in patients under 50 years of age. The absolute difference in distant metastatic-free survival at 8 years in those receiving chemotherapy for patients ≤ 50 years was 5.4% ± 2.8% versus 0.2% ± 2.3% for those >50 years. It is not known whether the benefit of chemotherapy observed in women ≤ 50 years is related to chemotherapy-induced ovarian function suppression.

乳腺浸润癌(BINV)基因表达检测指导术后全身治疗决策(BINV-N 5 of 5)

  • 更新参考文献

  • References have been updated. Piccart M, van 't Veer LJ, Poncet C, et al. 70-gene signature as an aid for treatment decisions in early breast cancer: updated results of the phase 3 randomised MINDACT trial with an exploratory analysis by age. Lancet Oncol. 2021;22(4):476-488.

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