一起来历劫 | 四六级 Day 14
- Wednesday-
对话框回复“早安”或者“morning"，获取清晨元气满满的英文金句
有书英语共读发起“四六级历劫”计划
三个月带你飞升上神！
真题再现
Sara Johnson acknowledges that the global economic benefit from a fall in oil prices today is likely lower than it was in the past. One reason is that more countries are big oil producers now, so the nations suffering from the price drop account for a larger share of the global economy.
Consumers, in the U.S. at least, are acting cautiously with the savings they’re getting at the gas pump, as the memory of the recent great recession is still fresh in their mind. And a number of oil-producing countries are trimming their gasoline subsidies and raising taxes, so the net savings for global consumers is not as big as the oil price plunge might suggest.
acknowledge
英 [ək'nɒlɪdʒ] 美 [ək'nɑlɪdʒ]
vt. 承认；答谢；报偿；告知已收到
cautiously
英 ['kɔ:ʃəsli] 美 ['kɔʃəsli]
adv. 慎重地，谨慎地
recession
英 [rɪ'seʃ(ə)n] 美 [rɪ'sɛʃən]
n. 衰退；不景气；后退；凹处
trim
英 [trɪm] 美 [trɪm]
vt. 修剪；整理；装点
vi. 削减
subsidy
英 ['sʌbsɪdɪ] 美 ['sʌbsədi]
n. 补贴；津贴；补助金
plunge
英 [plʌn(d)ʒ] 美 [plʌndʒ]
n. 投入；跳进
vi. 突然地下降；投入；陷入；跳进
vt. 使陷入；使投入；使插入
benefit from
得益于；得利于；因…而得到好处
suffer from
忍受，遭受；患…病；受…之苦
account for
对…负有责任；对…做出解释；说明……的原因；导致；（比例）占
in mind
记住，考虑到，想到；在心里；头脑中；时刻记住
阅读原文翻译
萨拉·约翰逊承认，如今世界经济因油价下跌获得的效益有可能大不如前。其中一个原因是现在原油生产大国增多，因此，油价下影响的国家占世界经济的比重更大。
由于最近的经济萧条还历历在目，消费者，至少美国的消费者，非常谨慎地对待在加油站省下的钱。而许多原油生产国正在削减汽油补贴并增加税收，这样一来，全球消费者的净储蓄就不像油价下跌所暗示的那么多了。
阅读练习
Why haven't falling oil prices boosted the global economy as they did before?
A) People are not spending all the money they save on gas.
B) The global economy is likely to undergo another recession.
C) Oil importers account for a larger portion of the global economy.
D) People the world over are afraid of a further plunge in oil prices.
翻译练习
汉译英：
油价下跌的消极影响远大于其积极影响。
重难点解析
1. Sara Johnson /acknowledges that/ the global economic benefit from a fall in oil prices today /is likely lower than/ it was in the past.
萨拉·约翰逊承认，如今世界经济因油价下跌获得的效益有可能大不如前。
解析：
1) the global economic benefit from a fall in oil prices today 这个名词短语是that从句中的主语。
2) 注意benefit的用法和搭配。
benefit by [from] 受益于。
The plants benefited from the rain.
植物得益于这场雨。
benefit sb (sth) 对某人或某物有益，使某人或某物受益。
The sea air will benefit you.
海边的空气对你有益。
2. One reason is /that /more countries /are /big oil producers now, so /the nations suffering from the price drop /account for /a larger share of /the global economy.
其中一个原因是现在原油生产大国增多，因此，油价下影响的国家占世界经济的比重更大。
解析：
1) the nations suffering from the price drop 这个短语构成了后半句的主语，其中suffering做nations的定语，与被修饰词为主动关系且表示正在进行的动作。
2) Account for在本句中表示共计达；(在数量、比例上)占
It accounts for 15 per cent of all air accidents.
它占所有空难的15%。
3. Consumers, in the U.S. at least, are /acting cautiously with/ the savings /they’re getting at the gas pump, as /the memory of the recent great recession /is still fresh in their mind.
由于最近的经济萧条还历历在目，消费者，至少美国的消费者，非常谨慎地对待在加油站省下的钱。
解析：
1) are acting cautiously with 此处是现在进行时态，cautiously修饰动词act。此外，cautiously的形容词形式，也可以表示be cautious with 谨慎对待。
2) The memory of (sth) is fresh in mind.
对什么的记忆仍然历历在目。
4. And a number of /oil-producing countries /are /trimming their gasoline subsidies and /raising taxes, so the net savings for global consumers/ is not as big as /the oil price plunge /might suggest.
而许多原油生产国正在削减汽油补贴并增加税收，这样一来，全球消费者的净储蓄就不像油价下跌所暗示的那么多了。
解析：
在英文的运用中, “the number of”和“a number of”有混淆的现象；它们后面的动词和名词的数常会有问题。
1) 在形式上，“the number of ”和“a number of”相差一点点，一个用定冠词 the，另一个用不定冠词a。可是在语义和用法上，两者的差别就大了，稍微大意，就会犯了谓语动词和真正主语搭配不当的问题。
2)“A number of”的意思是“若干”或“许多”，相当于 some 或 a lot of，和复数名词连用。当它出现在主语前时，谓语动词和主语搭配；必要时，还可以加上形容词great，large，small，good 等。
3) “The number of”和“a number of”一样，跟在后头的名词也是复数的，不同的是这里的主语是单数的 the number，不是它后面的复数名词，谓语动词必须和 the number 呼应。