骨科英文书籍精读（262）｜股骨干骨折的急救策略
我们正在精读国外经典骨科书籍《Apley’s System of Orthopaedics and Fractures》，想要对于骨科英文形成系统认识，为以后无障碍阅读英文文献打下基础，请持续关注。
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Emergency treatment
Traction with a splint is first aid for a patient with a femoral shaft fracture. It is applied at the site of the accident, and before the patient is moved. A Thomas’ splint, or one of the modern derivations of this practical device, is ideal: the leg is pulled straight and threaded through the ring of the splint; the shod foot is tied to the cross-piece so as to maintain traction and the limb and splint are firmly bandaged together. This temporary stabilization helps to control pain, reduces bleeding and makes transfer easier. Shock should be treated; blood volume is restored and maintained, and a definitive plan of action instituted as soon as the patient’s condition has been fully assessed.
---from 《Apley’s System of Orthopaedics and Fractures》
重点词汇整理：
derivations衍生物，派生物
practical/ˈpræktɪkl/
adj. 实际的；实用性的
the shod foot穿鞋的脚
/ʃɑːd/adj. 穿着……鞋的
blood volume血容量；[生理] 血量
restore /rɪˈstɔːr/vi. 恢复；还原vt. 恢复；修复；归还
a definitive plan of action instituted as soon as the patient’s condition has been fully assessed.一旦对病人的情况进行了全面评估，就立即制定明确的行动计划。
institute /ˈɪnstɪtuːt/v. 实行，建立；授予……职位；
institution /ˌɪnstɪˈtuːʃn/
n. 制度；建立；（社会或宗教等）公共机构；习俗
assess/əˈses/vt. 评定；估价；对…征税
百度翻译：
急救
夹板牵引是股骨干骨折患者的急救方法。在事故现场和移动患者之前使用。托马斯氏夹板，或这种实用装置的现代衍生产品之一，是理想的：将腿拉直并穿过夹板的环；将穿鞋的脚绑在横档上以保持牵引力，并将四肢和夹板牢固地绑在一起。这种暂时的稳定有助于控制疼痛，减少出血，使转移更容易。休克应该得到治疗，血容量恢复和维持，一旦病人的情况得到充分评估，就制定一个明确的行动计划。