中考英语单项填空解题方法（附习题及答案解析）

一、解题方法

1.直接法

直接法就是在全面了解和审清题意的前提下，直接从所给选项中确定答案。

例1：Paul’s uncle is the man _____ taught us math last year.

A. where

B. which

C. who

D. when

【解析】由先行词是指人的名词the man，故用关系代词who。

2. 排除法

当你对A、B、C、D四个选项都感到似是而非，不能选出正确答案时，就要采用逐个排除的方法，经过分析把没有被排除的答案定为正确答案，这类试题以涉及词汇知识的试题居多。

例:2：—How are you feeling today?

—Much_____. I can go to school next week.

A. good

B. better

C. best

D. well

【解析】 feel是连系动词，故其后跟形容词作表语，可排除D项；much不修饰最高级，但可以修饰比较级故排除C项；由答语“I can go to school next week.”可知现在应该是比以前好多了，可排除A项。故答案为B项。

3.比较法

运用所学的语法知识，仔细比较所给答案，对其时态、语态、语气、非谓语形式及同义词进行比较，最后选出正确答案。较难的选择题一般都可以采用这种方法。

例3：The 31st Olympic Games_____ in Rio de Janeiro in 2016.

A. holds

B. will hold

C. was held

D. will be held

【解析】根据主语和谓语之间的关系可知该题的语态为被动语态，可排除A、B两个选项；再由时间状语是将来的时间，故用一般将来时，可排除C项，故答案为D项。

4.逻辑推理法

有些词从语法上看并没有错，但是句意不符合逻辑，因此做这类题时，就需要根据逻辑思维来选择正确答案。

例4：_____ you_____ your brother can join us. We want one of you.

A. Both; and

B. Neither; nor

C. Either; or

D. Not only; but also

【解析】由“We want one of you.”可知两个人中选择一个加入，故答案为C项。

5.习惯判断法

有的选择题不能根据语法来选出正确答案，而要根据习惯用法来选出答案。应该掌握的习惯用法很多，平时在学习中要注意记忆和归纳。

例5：The Greens will visit Hainan as soon as they _____ to China.

A. comes

B. come

C. came

D. will come

【解析】as soon as引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用将来时,故选B。

6. 推算法

有些选择题涉及简单的数学常识，所给的答案从语法上看是对的，要选出这种题的正确答案需要进行推算。

例6：This is Mr. White’s ____ visit to Beijing. He has been there twice before.

A. two

B. second

C. three

D. third

【解析】由第二个句子“He has been there twice before.”可知怀特先生以前去过两次了，所以这是第三次去，故答案为D项。

7. 常识法

有的选择题涉及政治、历史、地理、生活风俗等方面的知识，做这种选择题时，要借助自己了解的有关常识才能选出正确答案。

例7：A camel is_____.A. the most interesting animal

B. the ship of the desert

C. a useless animal

D. the most beautiful animal

【解析】很多人都知道，因为骆驼非常耐渴，所以人们在沙漠地区常用骆驼代步，骆驼因此被称“沙漠之舟”，故正确答案为B项。

8. 关键词法

许多题目都有这样一些词，它们对于快速而准确的判定答案起着至关重要的作用，我们称这些词为关键词，找到句中的关键词也就找到了解题的突破口。

例8：I saw Kevin in the supermarket this morning.

—No, it _____ him. He moved to Canada last week.

A. can be

B. must be

C. can’t be

D. mustn’t be

【解析】由本题的关键点“He moved to Canada last week.”可知在超市见到的那个人一定不是凯文，故答案为C项。

9.前后照应法

此法多用于两个以上的句子或对话形式的题目，解题前透彻理解，然后联系上下文，捕捉隐含信息方能找出正确答案。

例9： —_____will you come back?

—In an hour.

A. How soon

B. How often

C. How far

D. How long

【解析】本题考查特殊疑问词。由答语“In an hour.” 可知特殊疑问词为How soon。故选A。

10. 交际法

此法可联系上下文直接解题。

例10： —Yesterday I won the first place in the 100-meter race.

—Really? _____!A. Congratulations

B. Never mind

C. That is all right

D. I’m sorry to hear that

【解析】本题主要考查简单交际用语的问答。对别人取得的成功应该表示祝贺，故选A。

二、精选练习题

1.There is_____ “u” and_____ “n” in the word “under”.

A. a; an

B. an; a

C. an; an

D. a; a

2. You should tell _____ about it if _____ doesn’t know it.

A. her; herself

B. she; she

C. her; she

D. hers; her

3. Alice asked _____ to school late.

A. who did often come

B. who often did come

C. who often come

D. who often came

4. Rose ____ be very bored with her job. Because she does the same thing every day.

A. must

B. can’t

C. could

D. may not

5. —Why not_____ a music club?

—I’m sorry. I can’t sing or dance.

A. to join

B. join

C. joining

D. D. to join in

6. —There goes the bell.

—It’s time for class. Let’s stop_____.

A. talk

B. to talk

C. talking

D. not talk

7. Yao Ming is a famous basketball star_____ is playing for the Rockets.

A. whose

B. who

C. what

D. which

8. The book _____ in French. I can’t read it.

A. is writing

B. is written

C. wrote

D. writes

9. —______English books are there in the box?

—Fifty.

A. How much

B. How many

C. How soon

D. How far

10. —Excuse me, sir. Is the swimming pool open all day?

—______. Only from 6: 00 pm to 10: 00 pm．

A. That’s right

B. Yes, of course

C. Sorry, I am not sure

D. Sorry, I’m afraid not

11. Bob ran ______fast ______he won the race.

A. enough; to

B. so; that

C. too; to

D. both; and

12. —Who gets up earliest in your family?

—My grandpa used to _____ up earliest, but now my mother does.

A. get

B. getting

C. got

D. gets

13. —What a nice garden!

—It ______ by us every day.

A. is cleaned

B. cleans

C. has cleaned

D. to clean

14. —You’d better ______ your toys after playing, Jack.

—All right. I will. A. put on

B. put away

C. put off

D. put down

15. —The girl was ______afraid to see the animals _____ she couldn’t move.

—In fact, they don’t attack people unless they are frightened.A. too; to

B. so; that

C. very; that

D. such; that

16. —Thank you for the presents. They are so great.

—_____A. Please don’t say so.

B. No, thanks.

C. I’m glad you like them.

D. No, they are not good enough.

17. I don’t know ______ the day after tomorrow． A. when does he come

B. how will he come

C. if he comes

D. whether he’ll come

18、_____ you_____ your brother can join us. We want one of you.

A. Both; and

B. Neither; nor

C. Either; or

D. Not only; but also

答案及解析

1、选A。当元音字母u发其字母音/ju:/时，前面用不定冠词a；辅音字母n以元音因素/e/开头，因此前面用不定冠词an。

2、选C。her在此作tell的宾语，she作if引导的条件状语从句中的主语。

3、选D。空格后为动词asked的宾语从句，其语序应该为陈述语序，故应排除A和B选项；另外，主句的时态为一般过去时，我们可以根据“时态一致”的原则排除C选项，故答案为D项。

4、选A。must的意思是“一定”，表示有把握的肯定推测。

5、选D。I’m afraid not“恐怕不是”。

6、选B。Why not…“为什么不……”后跟不带to的不定式。

7、选C。stop doing sth.“停止正在做的事情”；stop to do sth.的意思是“停止（正在做的事情）来干某事”，根据句意选C项。

8、选B。先行词a famous basketball star指人，引导词在定语从句中作主语，故答案为B项。

9、选B。主语the book和谓语write之间存在被动关系，故用被动语态。

10、选B。提问可数名词的数量应该用how many。

11、选B。so...that...“如此……以至于……”，其中that引导的是结果状语从句。

12、选A。used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”。

13、选A。根据主语和谓语之间存在被动关系和时态为一般现在时，可知答案为A项。

14、选B。put away把……收起来；put on穿上；put off推迟；put down放下。

15、选B。too…to…“太……而不能……”，to后需接动词原形；so… that…“如此……以至于……”，so 后接形容词或副词，that后接结果状语从句；such… that…的意思也是“如此……以至于……”，that后也需接结果状语从句，但such后应该接名词。

16、选C。送别人礼物时，若别人表示感谢常用“I’m glad you like them.”作答。

17、选D。在宾语从句中只能用陈述语序，不能用疑问语序，故排除A、B两项。在本句中，宾语从句中含有表示将来的时间状语the day after tomorrow，故排除C项选D项。

18、由“We want one of you.”可知两个人中选择一个加入，故答案为C项