Nat.Genet|中国农业科学院棉花研究所科研团队揭示栽培棉地理分化与纤维改良的基因组基础
作物种质的大规模基因组调查对于理解有利性状的遗传结构非常重要。 对栽培棉地理分化和纤维改良的基因组基础了解甚少。 本研究,我们分析了3,248个四倍体棉花基因组,并确认在A6和A08染色体上广泛的染色体倒置是栽培棉的地理分化的基础。 我们进一步揭示,单倍型多样性起源于地方品种,这对于理解栽培棉的适应性进化可能是必不可少的。 渗入和关联分析确定了与纤维质量相关的新位点,并证明了来自两个二倍体棉的渗入等位基因对改善纤维质量有很大影响。
这些基因座提供了克服纤维质量提高瓶颈的潜在动力。 我们的研究发现了棉花历史育种效应产生的几个关键基因组特征,以及丰富的数据,为研究界提供了丰富的基因组资源。
Large-scale genomic surveys of crop germplasm are important for understanding the genetic architecture of favorable traits. The genomic basis of geographic differentiation and fiber improvement in cultivated cotton is poorly understood. Here, we analyzed 3,248 tetraploid cotton genomes and confirmed that the extensive chromosome inversions on chromosomes A06 and A08 underlies the geographic differentiation in cultivated Gossypium hirsutum. We further revealed that the haplotypic diversity originated from landraces, which might be essential for understanding adaptative evolution in cultivated cotton. Introgression and association analyses identified new fiber quality-related loci and demonstrated that the introgressed alleles from two diploid cottons had a large effect on fiber quality improvement. These loci provided the potential power to overcome the bottleneck in fiber quality improvement. Our study uncovered several critical genomic signatures generated by historical breeding effects in cotton and a wealth of data that enrich genomic resources for the research community.
The genomic basis of geographic differentiation and fiber improvement in cultivated cotton10.1038/s41588-021-00844-9
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