特殊网页爬虫——VBA开发文档 / 四六文摘

2018-04-15 16:20:27

作者：AntoniotheFuture

关键词：VBA，Access，网页爬虫，网抓

开发平台：Access

平台版本上限：2010

平台版本下限：尚未出现

开发语言：VBA

简介：目前在一家保险公司上班，统计数据需要经常从一个公司的网页系统中下载报表，操作比较简单，但是要操作的东西太多，比较烦人，对于日常数据的提取，我就想着如果可以定制任务就好了，正好我之前也有过一点点网页爬虫的经验，于是着手开始写，对于这个网页呢，有很多“不太友好”的地方，比如说：登陆进去之后会启动新窗口（可能是公司为了信息安全），点击的控件花样百出，不易定位，格式不尽相同，有些日期是MM-DD-YYYY，有些是YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM，而且网页内存在iframe，用传统的网页爬虫无法实现，在参阅了无数资料之后，今天终于开发出来了，现在分享给大家，共同进步。

功能描述：

可以预先按步骤设定任务，完全模拟网页中的手工操作，对各种控件进行操作，只需轻轻点击开始，网页即可自动填表，提交，等待报表在网页中产生即可。

可以重新获取IE的控制权，防止新窗口出现后丢失窗口。

可以根据预设参数获取时间和日期，如：下一个工作日的前一天的23:59:59。

加入“工作日表”，可在里面提前设定“补假”，“加班”等特殊工作日，准确判断下一工作日。

表设计：

首先是报表列表，用于定位网页中报表页面

因为网页中有多处重复的HTMLname，而且无法用其他方法定位控件，特加入“开始搜索位置”用于控件的查找

然后是控件表，用于定位表单页面中的控件，还可以根据预先设定的控件类型做不同的动作。

任务表，用于记录任务基本信息，比较简单

任务流程表，在窗体中定制的流程将会记录到这个表中：

下面是窗体部分：

控件详情和报表详情窗口，没什么特殊，可用于快速添加网页控件信息。

任务详情窗体，整合了任务创建，流程设置，登陆信息输入和执行功能

新建任务后，在增加流程按钮的左边输入要操作的控件和要输入的值类型和值的本身，完成整个任务定制后，保存即可执行，系统将会打开IE窗口并执行相应操作，省去不少时间，还能避免手动输入出错。

工作日表，用于记录工作日和更改工作日

下面是部分SQL查询：

报表列表查询

SELECT 报表列表.ID, 报表列表.报表名称

FROM 报表列表;

更改工作日类型子窗体

用于查找下一个工作日

SELECT 工作日表.*

FROM 工作日表

WHERE (((工作日表.工作日)>=DateAdd("d",-7,Date())))

ORDER BY 工作日表.工作日;

任务流程查询

用于在任务详情界面显示流程

SELECT 任务流程表.任务ID, 任务流程表.流程数, 任务流程表.打开报表, 任务流程表.表ID, [报表列表]![报表名称] AS表名, 任务流程表.控件ID, [element]![名称] AS 控件名, 任务流程表.控件值类型, 任务流程表.控件值

FROM (任务流程表 LEFTJOIN 报表列表 ON 任务流程表.表ID = 报表列表.ID) LEFT JOIN element ON 任务流程表.控件ID = element.ID

WHERE (((任务流程表.任务ID)=[Forms]![任务详情]![ID]));

任务流程转VBA

与VBA对接，包含了执行任务过程中所需的所有控件数据。

SELECT 任务流程表.ID, 任务流程表.任务ID, 任务流程表.流程数, 任务流程表.打开报表, 报表列表.报表名称, 报表列表.层级, 报表列表.一级, 报表列表.开始搜索位置, 报表列表.二级, 报表列表.是否使用二级网页位置, 报表列表.二级网页位置, 报表列表.三级, 报表列表.四级, element.名称, element.控件类型, element.值, element.数据类型, element.HTMLname,element.HTMLID, element.时间类型, 任务流程表.控件值类型, 任务流程表.控件值

FROM (任务流程表 LEFTJOIN 报表列表 ON 任务流程表.表ID = 报表列表.ID) LEFT JOIN element ON 任务流程表.控件ID = element.ID;

下面是VBA代码部分

更改工作日类型

'批量修改工作日

Private Sub Command20_Click()

Dim STemp2 As String

Dim i

If IsNull(Me.Text0) Then

MsgBox ("请输入开始日期！")

Exit Sub

ElseIf IsNull(Me.Text4) Then

MsgBox ("请输入结束日期！")

Exit Sub

ElseIf IsNull(Me.List40) Then

MsgBox ("请选择更改类型！")

Else

Dim Rs2 As ADODB.Recordset

Set Rs2 = New ADODB.Recordset

STemp2 = "select * From 工作日表 where 工作日 between #" & Me![Text0]& "# and #" & Me![Text4] & "#"

Rs2.Open STemp2, CurrentProject.Connection,adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic

For i = 1 To Rs2.RecordCount

Rs2("类型") = Me![List40]

Rs2.Update

Rs2.MoveNext

Me.Refresh

MsgBox ("成功将"& i - 1 & "天更改为" & Me![List40])

Exit Sub

End If

Exit Sub

Rs2.Close

Set Rs2 = Nothing

End Sub

自动登录并获取网页

用于对付窗口弹出问题

Private Sub Command268_Click()

'On Error Resume Next

'定义变量

Dim IE As Object

Dim webs, webs2, webs3, webs4, webs5, dmt,dmt1, dmt2, usrno, elements, element1, xxx

Dim vtag '网页对象

Dim loop1, loop2, loop3 '循环计数器

Dim objIE As Object, myHWND

Dim dWinFolder As New ShellWindows, t

Dim Czpmxurl As String, Czpmxname As String

Dim Czpmxhwnd As Long, aa '窗口句柄

Dim cifno$, cifcname$, ResultLink$

'text9 = 用户名 text11= 密码

'IE清除缓存&打开登录界面

Call DeleteCacheURLList

Set IE =CreateObject("InternetExplorer.Application")

IE.Navigate"example.com"

IE.Visible = True '若=0 False不显示 ,=1 True 显示

IE.Silent = True

Do While IE.Busy Or IE.ReadyState <>4

DoEvents

Loop

delay Me.Combo17

Set dmt = IE.Document

IE.Document.getElementById("j_username").Value= Me.Text9

IE.Document.getElementById("j_password").Value= Me.Text11

delay 2

IE.Document.getElementById("j_password").focus

SendKeys "{enter}"

Do While IE.Busy Or IE.ReadyState <>4

DoEvents

Loop

delay Me.Combo17 + 3

Czpmxhwnd = FindWindow(vbNullString, "来自网页的消息") '根据窗口标题查找，找到后返回句柄

If Czpmxhwnd <> 0 Then

aa = SetForegroundWindow(Czpmxhwnd) '将网页调到前台

delay 1

SendKeys "{ENTER}", True

End If

delay 1

Call Command271_Click

End Sub

任务执行

根据设定的任务，按流程对网页中控件进行操作

Private Sub Command271_Click()

'定义变量

Dim IE As Object

Dim webs, webs2, webs3, webs4, webs5, dmt,dmt1, dmt2, dmt3, dmt4, usrno, elements, element1, xxx, departmentNoHTML

Dim vtag, worktype '网页对象

Dim loop1, loop2, loop3, loop4 '循环计数器 1=网页对象查找，2= ，3=工作日确定，4=流程进行

Dim objIE As Object, myHWND

Dim dWinFolder As New ShellWindows, t

Dim Czpmxurl As String, Czpmxname As String

Dim Czpmxhwnd As Long, aa '窗口句柄

Dim cifno$, cifcname$, ResultLink$

Dim today0 '今天零点

Dim monthday10000 '当月零点

Dim nworkday '下一工作日

Dim nworkdaypday2359 '下一工作日前一天23点59分

Dim nworkday7 '下一工作日7点

Dim STemp3, STemp4 As String

Dim Rs3 As ADODB.Recordset

Dim Rs4 As ADODB.Recordset

Set Rs3 = New ADODB.Recordset

Set Rs4 = New ADODB.Recordset

workdaytype = "正常"

today0 = Format(Date & "00:00:00", "YYYY/MM/DD HH:MM:SS")

monthday10000 = Format(DateSerial(Year(Date),Month(Date), 1) & " 00:00:00", "YYYY/MM/DD HH:MM:SS")

STemp3 = "select * From 工作日表 where 类型 = " & "'" &workdaytype & "'" & "order by 工作日"

Rs3.Open STemp3, CurrentProject.Connection,adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic

For loop3 = 0 To Rs3.RecordCount

If DateDiff("d", Date, Rs3("工作日"))> 0 Then

nworkday = Rs3("工作日")

Exit For

ElseIf loop3 = Rs3.RecordCount Then

MsgBox ("请更新工作日表！")

Exit Sub

Exit For

Else

Rs3.MoveNext

End If

nworkdaypday2359 =Format(DateAdd("d", -1, nworkday) & " 23:59:59","YYYY/MM/DD HH:MM:SS")

nworkday7 = Format(nworkday & "07:00:00", "YYYY/MM/DD HH:MM:SS")

For Each objIE In dWinFolder

If InStr(1, objIE.LocationURL, "elis-lcs.paic") > 0 Then

Czpmxname =objIE.LocationName '标题

Czpmxurl =objIE.LocationURL '链接

Exit Do '通过链接objIE.LocationURL包含的关键字查询，或用objIE.LocationName即窗口标题包含的关键字来查询

End If

DoEvents

Loop

Set IE = objIE '转换ie窗口控制权

Do Until IE.ReadyState = 4 And IE.Busy = False

DoEvents

Loop

Set dmt = IE.Document

STemp4 = "select * From 任务流程转VBA where 任务ID = " & Me![任务ID] & " order by 流程数"

Rs4.Open STemp4, CurrentProject.Connection,adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic

For loop4 = 0 To Rs4.RecordCount - 1

If Rs4("打开报表") = True Then

继续:

Set elements = dmt.all.tags("a")

Debug.Print IE.ReadyState

For loop1 = 0 To elements.length - 1

If elements.Item(loop1).innerText = Rs4("一级")Then

elements.Item(loop1).Click

Exit For

End If

'特殊重名控件

For loop1 = Rs4("开始搜索位置") Toelements.length - 1

Ifelements.Item(loop1).innerText = Rs4("二级")Then

elements.Item(loop1).FireEvent ("onmouseover")

Exit For

End If

delay 0.5

If Rs4("层级") = 3 Then

Set elements = dmt.all.tags("a")

Debug.Print IE.ReadyState

For loop1 = 0 To elements.length - 1

If elements.Item(loop1).innerText = Rs4("三级")Then

elements.Item(loop1).Click

Exit For

End If

ElseIf Rs4("层级") = 4 Then

Set elements = dmt.all.tags("a")

Debug.Print IE.ReadyState

For loop1 = 0 To elements.length - 1

Ifelements.Item(loop1).innerText = Rs4("三级")Then

elements.Item(loop1).FireEvent ("onmouseover")

Exit For

End If

For loop1 = 0 To elements.length - 1

If elements.Item(loop1).innerText =Rs4("四级") Then

elements.Item(loop1).Click

Exit For

End If

delay 1

Else

MsgBox ("请在报表列表中添加报表层级！！！")

Exit Sub

End If

delay 5

GoTo 报表操作

Else '打开报表——结束

网页表单填写操作:

Set dmt1 = IE.Document.frames(1).Document 'getElementsByTagName("INPUT")(0)

Set elements = dmt1.all.tags("INPUT") 'Or "SELECT"

If Rs4("控件类型") = "文本框" Then

For loop1 = 0 To elements.length - 1

If IsNull(Rs4("HTMLname")) = False Then

If elements.Item(loop1).Name =Rs4("HTMLname") Then

ID匹配:

Select Case Rs4("控件值类型")

Case "预先制定值"

elements.Item(loop1).Value = Rs4("控件值")

Case "当时"

elements.Item(loop1).Value = Format(Date & " " & Time(),Rs4("时间类型"))

Case "手动输入"

elements.Item(loop1).Value = InputBox("请输入"& Rs4("报表名称") & "中" & Rs4("名称") &"的值：(" & Rs4("时间类型") & ")", "请输入")

Case "当月0点"

elements.Item(loop1).Value= Format(monthday10000, Rs4("时间类型"))

Case "今天0点"

elements.Item(loop1).Value = Format(today0, Rs4("时间类型"))

Case "下一工作日前一天23点59分"

elements.Item(loop1).Value= Format(nworkdaypday2359, Rs4("时间类型"))

Case "下一工作日7点"

elements.Item(loop1).Value = Format(nworkday7, Rs4("时间类型"))

Case "本月份"

elements.Item(loop1).Value = Format(Date, Rs4("时间类型"))

End Select

Exit For

End If

Else

If elements.Item(loop1).ID =Rs4("HTMLID") Then

GoTo ID匹配

End If

ElseIf Rs4("控件类型") = "复选框" Then

For loop1 = 0 To elements.length - 1

If elements.Item(loop1).Value =Rs4("值") Then

elements.Item(loop1).Click

Exit For

End If

ElseIf Rs4("控件类型") = "单选框" Then

For loop1 = 0 To elements.length - 1

If elements.Item(loop1).Name =Rs4("HTMLname") Then

elements.Item(loop1).Click

Exit For

End If

ElseIf Rs4("控件类型") = "按钮" Then

For loop1 = 0 To elements.length - 1

If elements.Item(loop1).Value =Rs4("值") Then

elements.Item(loop1).FireEvent ("onclick")

delay 2

Exit For

End If

ElseIf Rs4("控件类型") = "下拉框" Then

Set elements = dmt1.all.tags("select")

For loop1 = 0 To elements.length - 1

If IsNull(Rs4("HTMLname"))= False Then

Ifelements.Item(loop1).Name = Rs4("HTMLname") Then

ID匹配2:

elements.Item(loop1).Value = Rs4("控件值")

Exit For

End If

Else

If elements.Item(loop1).ID= Rs4("HTMLID") Then

GoTo ID匹配2

End If

Rs4.MoveNext

End If

下一步:

Me.Refresh

Exit Sub

Rs3.Close

Rs4.Close

Set Rs3 = Nothing

Set Rs4 = Nothing

End Sub

任务控件添加

用于在任务详情界面中添加需要操作的控件。

Private Sub Command45_Click()

Dim STemp As String

Dim Rs As ADODB.Recordset

Set Rs = New ADODB.Recordset

STemp = "select * From 任务流程表 where 任务ID = " & Me![任务ID]

Rs.Open STemp, CurrentProject.Connection,adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic

Rs.AddNew

Rs("任务ID")= Me![任务ID]

Rs("流程数")= Rs.RecordCount + 1

Rs("表ID")= Me.Combo60

Rs("表名")= Me.Combo60.Column(1)

Rs("控件ID")= Me.Combo66

Rs("控件名")= Me.Combo66.Column(1)

Rs("控件值类型")= Me.Combo100

Rs("控件值")= Text76

Rs("打开报表")= Me.Check319

Rs.Update

Me.Refresh

Exit Sub

Rs.Close

Set Rs = Nothing

End Sub

寻找已打开IE

Declare Function FindWindow Lib"user32" Alias "FindWindowA" (ByVal lpClassName As String,ByVal lpWindowName As String) As Long

Declare Function SetForegroundWindow Lib"user32" (ByVal HWnd As Long) As Long

窗口寻找

Private Const ERROR_CACHE_FIND_FAIL As Long= 0

Private Const ERROR_CACHE_FIND_SUCCESS AsLong = 1

Private Const ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND As Long= 2

Private Const ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED As Long =5

Private Const ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER AsLong = 122

Private Const MAX_PATH As Long = 260

Private Const MAX_CACHE_ENTRY_INFO_SIZE AsLong = 4096

Private Const LMEM_FIXED As Long = &H0

Private Const LMEM_ZEROINIT As Long =&H40

Private Const LPTR As Long = (LMEM_FIXED OrLMEM_ZEROINIT)

Private Const NORMAL_CACHE_ENTRY As Long =&H1

Private Const EDITED_CACHE_ENTRY As Long =&H8

Private Const TRACK_OFFLINE_CACHE_ENTRY AsLong = &H10

Private Const TRACK_ONLINE_CACHE_ENTRY AsLong = &H20

Private Const STICKY_CACHE_ENTRY As Long =&H40

Private Const SPARSE_CACHE_ENTRY As Long =&H10000

Private Const COOKIE_CACHE_ENTRY As Long =&H100000

Private Const URLHISTORY_CACHE_ENTRY AsLong = &H200000

Private Const URLCACHE_FIND_DEFAULT_FILTER AsLong = NORMAL_CACHE_ENTRY Or _

COOKIE_CACHE_ENTRY Or _

URLHISTORY_CACHE_ENTRY Or _

TRACK_OFFLINE_CACHE_ENTRY Or _

TRACK_ONLINE_CACHE_ENTRY Or _

STICKY_CACHE_ENTRY

Private Type FILETIME

dwLowDateTime As Long

dwHighDateTime As Long

End Type

Private Type INTERNET_CACHE_ENTRY_INFO

dwStructSize As Long

lpszSourceUrlName As Long

lpszLocalFileName As Long

CacheEntryType As Long

dwUseCount As Long

dwHitRate As Long

dwSizeLow As Long

dwSizeHigh As Long

LastModifiedTime As FILETIME

ExpireTime As FILETIME

LastAccessTime As FILETIME

LastSyncTime As FILETIME

lpHeaderInfo As Long

dwHeaderInfoSize As Long

lpszFileExtension As Long

dwExemptDelta As Long

End Type

Private Declare FunctionFindFirstUrlCacheEntry Lib "wininet" Alias"FindFirstUrlCacheEntryA" (ByVal lpszUrlSearchPattern As String,lpFirstCacheEntryInfo As Any, lpdwFirstCacheEntryInfoBufferSize As Long) AsLong

Private Declare FunctionFindNextUrlCacheEntry Lib "wininet" Alias "FindNextUrlCacheEntryA"(ByVal hEnumHandle As Long, lpNextCacheEntryInfo As Any,lpdwNextCacheEntryInfoBufferSize As Long) As Long

Private Declare Function FindCloseUrlCacheLib "wininet" (ByVal hEnumHandle As Long) As Long

Private Declare FunctionDeleteUrlCacheEntry Lib "wininet" Alias"DeleteUrlCacheEntryA" (ByVal lpszUrlName As String) As Long

Private Declare Sub CopyMemory Lib"kernel32" Alias "RtlMoveMemory" (pDest As Any, pSource AsAny, ByVal dwLength As Long)

Private Declare Function lstrcpyA Lib"kernel32" (ByVal RetVal As String, ByVal Ptr As Long) As Long

Private Declare Function lstrlenA Lib"kernel32" (ByVal Ptr As Any) As Long

Private Declare Function LocalAlloc Lib"kernel32" (ByVal uFlags As Long, ByVal uBytes As Long) As Long

Private Declare Function LocalFree Lib"kernel32" (ByVal hMem As Long) As Long

Public Sub DeleteCacheURLList()

Dim icei As INTERNET_CACHE_ENTRY_INFO

Dim hFile As Long

Dim cachefile As String

Dim posUrl As Long

Dim posEnd As Long

Dim dwBuffer As Long

Dim pntrICE As Long

hFile = FindFirstUrlCacheEntry(0&, ByVal 0, dwBuffer)

If(hFile = ERROR_CACHE_FIND_FAIL) And _

(Err.LastDllError = ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER) Then

pntrICE = LocalAlloc(LMEM_FIXED, dwBuffer)

If pntrICE <> 0 Then

CopyMemory ByVal pntrICE, dwBuffer, 4

hFile = FindFirstUrlCacheEntry(vbNullString, _

ByValpntrICE, _

dwBuffer)

If hFile <> ERROR_CACHE_FIND_FAIL Then

CopyMemory icei, ByVal pntrICE,Len(icei)

If (icei.CacheEntryType And _

NORMAL_CACHE_ENTRY) =NORMAL_CACHE_ENTRY Then

cachefile =GetStrFromPtrA(icei.lpszSourceUrlName)

Call DeleteUrlCacheEntry(cachefile)

End If

Call LocalFree(pntrICE)

dwBuffer = 0

CallFindNextUrlCacheEntry(hFile, ByVal 0, dwBuffer)

'allocate and assign the memoryto the pointer

pntrICE =LocalAlloc(LMEM_FIXED, dwBuffer)

CopyMemory ByVal pntrICE,dwBuffer, 4

DoEvents

Loop While FindNextUrlCacheEntry(hFile, ByVal pntrICE, dwBuffer)

End If 'hFile

End If 'pntrICE

End If 'hFile

Call LocalFree(pntrICE)

Call FindCloseUrlCache(hFile)

End Sub

Private Function GetStrFromPtrA(ByVal lpszAAs Long) As String

GetStrFromPtrA = String$(lstrlenA(ByVal lpszA), 0)

Call lstrcpyA(ByVal GetStrFromPtrA, ByVal lpszA)

End Function

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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_15041159/article/details/79949997

特殊网页爬虫——VBA开发文档

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