最常见的重点动词用法与搭配汇总
A
advise 劝告；建议
advise sb to do sth:
The doctor advised me to rest for a few days.
医生建议我休息几天。
advise doing sth:
I strongly advise buying the ticket at once.
我强烈建议立刻买票。
allow 允许
allow sb / sth to do sth:
People aren’t allowed to eat food on the underground in Nanjing.
在南京，地铁上禁止人们吃东西。
allow sb sth:
My father allows himself three cigarettes a day.
我爸爸给自己规定，一天抽三根烟。
ask 询问；要求；请求
ask sb sth:
They see a lady. They ask her the way.
他们看见一位女士，向她问路。
ask (sb) about sth:
They call me about twice a month to ask about my study.
他们每个月给我打两次电话来询问我的学习情况。
ask (sb) to do sth:
Kate asks her father to stop smoking.
凯特让她的父亲戒烟。
ask (sb) for sth:
Now I am writing to ask you for help.
我现在写信请你帮忙。
agree 同意；赞同
agree to do sth:
Mum and Dad have agreed to have a party at home.
妈妈和爸爸已经同意在家里举办一次聚会。
● agree on 对……达成一致
● agree to 赞同；赞成
● agree with 同意；赞同
B
begin (began, begun) 开始；开始进行；开始出现
begin doing / to do sth:
Bill began learning / to learn to play the piano at the age of five.
比尔五岁时开始学习弹钢琴。
● to begin with 首先；第一
believe 相信
it is believed + (that) 从句：
It is believed that the Internet has both advantages and disadvantages.
人们认为互联网有利也有弊。
believe ... to be sth:
She was believed to be the first H7N9 patient in China.
她被认为是中国首例H7N9患者。
● believe in sb / sth 信任某人 / 相信某事物的存在
● believe it or not 信不信由你
borrow 借；借入
borrow sth from sb:
I borrowed some interesting books from my friend.
我从朋友那里借了一些有趣的书。
break (broke, broken) 破碎，坏掉，打破，违反
● break away (from) 离开 (……)；脱离 (……)
● break down (汽车、机器等) 出故障；垮掉；打破；消除；分解
● break into 强行闯入；突然……起来
● break off (使) 折断；中断
● break out (火灾、战争等) 爆发
● break up (使) 破碎；(使) 破裂
bring 带来；拿来
bring sb / sth with sb:
Don’t forget to bring an umbrella with you.
别忘了随身带把伞。
bring sb sth / bring sth for sb：
Sports can bring us friends. / Sports can bring friends for us.
体育运动能让我们交到朋友。
bring sb / sth to sth / sb:
Can I bring a friend to your birthday party?
我能带个朋友去参加你的生日聚会吗？
● bring about 引起；造成
● bring along 带来；带上
● bring back 把…带回来；使回忆起；使恢复
● bring in 引入；赚得
● bring out 把……拿出来；使表现出
● bring up 抚养；养育；提出 (供讨论等)
buy (bought, bought) 买；购买
buy sb sth：
I must buy myself a new sweater.
我必须给自己买件新毛衣。
buy sth for sb / sth：
I want to buy a red rose for my mother.
我想给我妈妈买一枝红玫瑰。
C
call 打电话；命名
● call back 回电话
● call off 取消
● call on / upon 号召；要求
● call up 打电话给
care 在意；关心
care about sth：
As a student, it’s very important to care about what we do in public.
作为一名学生，注意我们在公共场合的行为很重要。
care about sb：
He taught me to care about other people.
他教我关心别人。
● care for 照顾；照料
catch (caught, caught) 抓住；捕捉；赶上；感染上；领会
● be / get caught in 处于困境；遭遇
● catch a cold 感冒
● catch sb’s attention / eye 引起某人的注意
● catch up (with) 赶上；追上
change 改变；更换
change (from sth) to / into sth:
The traffic light has changed (from red) to green.
交通信号灯 (由红) 变绿了。
change sb / sth into / to sth:
It only takes less than 30 seconds to change a car into a plane.
把汽车变成飞机只需不到30秒钟的时间。
change sth with sb:
Can I change seats with you?
我可以和您换下座位吗？
change sb / sth (for sb / sth)：
This shirt is too small. I’ll have to change it for a bigger one.
这件衬衫太小了，我得换一件大点的。
choose (chose, chosen) 选择；挑选
choose (sb) to do sth:
Half of the students choose to go to big cities.
一半的学生选择去大城市。
choose sb as / for / to be:
They chose Roy as / for / to be monitor.
他们选了罗伊当班长。
come (came, come) 来；来到；到来；达到；处于
come to do sth:
Many people came to watch the birds.
许多人前来看鸟。
● come across 偶然遇到；碰见
● come along 跟着来；出现
● come back 回来
● come by 顺路拜访
● come down 下来；下降
● come down with 染上
● come from 出生于；来自；产自
● come in 进来
● come on 快点；加油
● come out 出版；发行
● come out of 从……出来
● come over 来访；拜访
● come up (to sb) 走近 (某人)；靠近 (某人)
● come up with 想出；提出
● when it comes to (doing) sth 在某方面；说到 (做) 某事
compare 对比；比较
compare A to / with B 把A同B作比较：
Compared with / to Fetion, WeChat is more popular now.
与飞信相比，现在微信更受欢迎。
consider 考虑；认为
consider doing sth:
Have you ever considered studying abroad?
你考虑过出国留学吗？
consider sb / sth (as / to be) sb / sth / adj :
He is considered (to be) one of the greatest writers in American history.
他被认为是美国历史上最伟大的作家之一。
consider it + adj / n + to do sth:
Arabs consider it very bad manners to eat with left hands.
阿拉伯人认为用左手吃饭很不礼貌。
continue 继续；持续；延续
continue doing / to do sth:
If we continue making too much rubbish, the problem will only get worse.
如果我们继续制造太多的垃圾，问题只会变得更严重。
She continued to work after her long vacation.
长假过后她又继续工作了。
cost (cost, cost) 价钱为；(使) 花费
cost (sb) sth:
The dictionary didn’t cost me much money.
这本字典没花我很多钱。
cost sth to do sth:
It costs 20 yuan to enter the swimming pool.
进入游泳池要花费20元。
cut (cut, cut) 切；割；剪；砍；割伤；剪短；削减；减少
● cut down 砍倒；减少；缩减
● cut in line 插队
● cut off 切掉；切断
● cut out 剪下；(从文字作品、文章中)删掉；剪出
● cut up 切碎；割碎
D
decide 决定；选定
decide to do sth:
He decided to be a firefighter.
他决定当一名消防员。
● decide on / upon 决定；选定
depend 依靠；依赖；取决于
depend on 依靠；依赖；由……决定；取决于
Your success depends on how hard you work at your lessons.
你的成功取决于你学习的努力程度。
It / That (all) depends. 那得看情况。
— How long are you staying? 你打算待多久？
— I don’t know. It depends. 我不知道，那得看情况。
discuss 讨论；商议
discuss sth with sb
Discuss the questions with your partner.
与你的搭档讨论这些问题。
dream (dreamed / dreamt, dreamed / dreamt) 做梦；梦想
dream about / of sb / sth:
I dreamed of / about him last night.
我昨晚梦见他了。
dream about / of (doing) sth:
He always dreamed of becoming a police officer.
他一直梦想成为一名警官。
dress (给……) 穿衣服；穿……的衣服
dress sb (in sth):
Can you dress the babies for me?
你能替我给孩子们穿衣服吗？
● get dressed 穿好衣服
● dress up (给……) 穿上盛装；(给……) 乔装打扮
E
educate 教育；教导；培养
educate sb to do sth:
The first Earth Day was celebrated in 1970 to educate us to protect our planet.
为了教育大家保护我们的星球，1970年庆祝了第一个地球日。
encourage 鼓励
encourage sb to do sth:
Mr Wang always encourages us to speak English in class.
王老师总是鼓励我们课上说英语。
enjoy 喜欢；享受
enjoy doing sth:
Kids there really enjoy playing football.
那里的孩子真的喜欢踢足球。
● enjoy oneself 过得开心；玩得愉快
expect 预料；期望；指望
expect (sb / sth) to do sth:
You can’t expect to learn a foreign language in a few months.
你不要指望在几个月内就能学会一门外语。
explain 解释
explain (sth) to sb:
The teacher kept explaining the use of the idiom to me until I understood it.
老师一直给我解释这个习语的用法，直到我弄懂为止。
explain (to sb) + wh- to do:
I can explain how to do it.
我可以解释怎么做。
● explain oneself 说明自己的意思；为自己的行为解释
F
fail 失败；不能；未能
fail to do sth:
He looks so different that they fail to recognise him.
他看上去大不一样，结果他们没认出他来。
fear 害怕；畏惧
fear to do / doing sth:
My daughter fears to speak in public.
我女儿害怕在公共场合讲话。
She fears walking alone at night.
她不敢在夜间独自行走。
feel (felt, felt) 感觉到；认为
feel sb / sth doing sth:
I felt a hand touching my shoulder.
我感到有只手在触摸我的肩膀。
feel sb / sth do sth:
I suddenly felt something brush against my arm.
我突然感觉到有东西在挠我的胳膊。
feel it ... to do sth:
I feel it necessary to tell her about it.
我认为有必要把这件事告诉她。
● feel like (doing) sth 想要某物；想做某事
● feel at home 感觉自在；无拘束
find (found, found) 找到；找回；发现；认为
find sb sth / find sth for sb:
Can you find me my bag? / Can you find my bag for me?
你能帮我找回包吗？
find sb / sth doing sth:
It is quite common to find her reading the newspaper.
人们经常看到她在读报。
find sb / sth + adj / adv / prep:
In Singapore, you’ll find a lot of food from China.
在新加坡，你会发现很多来自中国的食品。
find sth + adj / n:
I enjoy learning English and find grammar quite easy.
我喜欢学英语，并且认为语法非常简单。
find it + adj / n (to do sth):
I find it hard to speak English.
我觉得讲英语很难。
find out 查明；弄清 (情况)
① find out + wh- to do
② find out + (that) / wh-从句
finish 结束；完成
finish doing sth:
I finished cleaning the living room.
我打扫完客厅了。
fit (fitted / fit, fitted / fit) 适合
fit in (with) 适合；(与……) 合得来；适应：
I’m a new student in this school. I couldn’t fit in well.
我是这个学校的新生，还不是很适应。
force 强迫；迫使
force sb to do sth:
You cannot force him to do what he does not want to do.
你不能强迫他去做他不想做的事。
focus 集中；聚焦
focus (...) on / upon 集中 (……) 于；聚焦 (……) 于：
Please calm down and focus (your attention) on the test paper.
请平静下来，把注意力集中在试卷上。
forget (forgot, forgotten) 忘记
forget doing sth 忘记做过某事：
I forgot telling her the news.
我忘了曾告诉过她这个消息。
forget to do sth 忘记要做某事：
Don’t forget to send the emails this evening.
不要忘记今晚把电子邮件发出去。
G
get (got, got / gotten) 得到；带来；到达；变得；说服；开始；渐渐
get sb / sth doing sth:
Can you really get that old car going again?
你真能让那辆旧车再跑起来吗？
get sb / sth to do sth:
I got him to change his idea.
我说服他改变了主意。
get sth done:
I’ll go and get my hair cut.
我打算去理发。
get sth + adj :
He got his clothes wet.
他把衣服弄湿了。
get doing sth:
He got talking to a woman on the bus.
他在公共汽车上跟一位女士攀谈起来。
get to do sth:
After a while, I got to like him.
过了一会儿，我开始喜欢他了。
● get along / on (with) (与……) 相处融洽；进展
● get away (from) 离开；摆脱
● get back 回来；返回；取回
● get down (从……) 下来
● get in 进入；(飞机、火车等) 抵达
● get into 进入；陷入；养成 (习惯)
● get off 下车；脱下 (衣服等)
● get on 上车 / 马
● get out (of) (从……) 出去；离开；摆脱
● get over 越过 (墙等)；克服 (困难等)
● get through 通过；(电话) 打通
● get together 聚集；相聚一处
● get up 起床；起立
give (gave, given) 给；递给；赠予
give sb sth / give sth to sb:
I give my friends the red rose. / I give the red rose to my friends.
我把红玫瑰给我的朋友们。
give sb sth / give sth to sb:
Can you give me some advice? / Can you give some advice to me?
你能给我一些建议吗？
● give a smile / shout / kiss / hug 微笑 / 大喊 / 亲吻 / 拥抱
● give a call 打个电话
● give a talk / speech 发表演讲
● give a party / concert 举办聚会 / 音乐会
● give away 送掉；赠送；泄露
● give back 归还
● give in 让步；屈服
● give off 发出 (气味、光、热等)
● give out 分发
● give up (doing sth) 放弃 (做某事)
go (went, gone) 走；做
● be going to do sth
I’m going to study science.
我打算学理科。
I think it’s going to rain.
我想，要下雨了。
● go on
What is going on here?
这里发生了什么事？
The concert went on for hours.
音乐会进行了几个小时。
① go on with sth:
He must go on with his studies.
他必须继续他的学业。
② go on doing sth:
He was too tired to go on working.
他太累了，不能继续工作。
③ go on to do sth:
After climbing the Great Wall, they went on to visit the Summer Palace.
爬完长城后，他们接着去参观了颐和园。
● go about 从事；忙于；开始做
● go after 跟随 (follow)；追赶
● go against 违反；违背
● go ahead 开始做 / 进行；[用于祈使句] 请吧；说吧；做吧
● go around / round 四处走动
● go away 走开；离开；外出
● go back (to) 回去
● go by 过去；走过
● go down 下去；下落；下降
● go for 努力获取
● go in for 参加；从事
● go off 离去；发出声响；爆炸；(机器或设备) 停止运转
● go out 出去；外出；(灯火等) 熄灭
● go over 仔细检查；温习
● go through 穿过；经历；通过；仔细检查
● go up (温度、价格等) 上升；增长
● go with 陪……一起去；与……相配
● go without 没有……也行
● go wrong 出毛病；失败
H
happen (尤指不愉快的事) 发生；碰巧
happen to do sth:
Later that day, I happened to pass Jeff in the dining room.
那天晚些时候，我在餐厅碰巧从杰夫身边走过。
happen to sb / sth:
A few days ago, something very bad happened to my friend Lily.
几天前，我的朋友莉莉遇上了件倒霉事。
it (so) happens that / as it happens:
It so happened that I had no money on me. / As it happened, I had no money on me.
碰巧我身上没带钱。
hate 讨厌；憎恨
hate doing / to do sth:
I hate to waste food.
我讨厌浪费食物。
hate sb to do / doing sth:
Jenny’s mother hates her to stay / staying out late.
珍妮的母亲不喜欢她在外面待得太晚。
hear (heard, heard) 听见
hear sb / sth do sth:
I often hear her sing in the next room.
我经常听到她在隔壁唱歌。
be heard to do sth:
She was heard to go out. (× She was heard go out.)
有人听见她出去了。
hear sb / sth doing sth:
I can hear the river flowing.
我能听见河里的流水声。
hear sb / sth done:
He heard his name called.
他听到有人叫自己的名字。
● hear about 听说 (……的情况)
● hear from 接到……的来信 / 电话；得到……的消息
● hear of 听说；得知
help 帮助；帮忙
help (sb) with sth:
I’m going to help with the housework.
我打算帮忙做家务。
help (to) do sth:
She helped (to) organize the party.
她协助筹备了这次聚会。
help sb (to) do sth:
She helped me (to) improve my English.
她帮助我提高英语水平。
● cannot help (doing) sth / cannot help but do sth 忍不住做某事
● help oneself (to) 自用 (食物等)；擅自取用 (……)
● help (sb) out 帮助 (某人) 克服困难；帮 (某人) 一把
hope 希望
hope for sth:
Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst.
抱最好的希望，做最坏的打算。
hope to do sth:
I hope to join you next time.
我希望下次能加入你们。
hurry 赶紧；匆忙
hurry to do sth:
Don’t hurry to make a conclusion.
别急着下结论。
● hurry up 快点；赶快
I-J
imagine 想象；设想
imagine (sb) doing sth:
We can’t imagine living without the Web.
我们无法想象没有网络的生活。
impress 给……留下深刻的印象
impress sb with / by sth:
We were very impressed by your work.
你的工作给我们留下了深刻的印象。
introduce 介绍；引进
introduce sb / sth (to sb):
I will certainly introduce him to you.
我一定把他介绍给你认识。
introduce sth (to / into sth):
Coca-Cola introduced its soft drink to China.
可口可乐公司把软饮料引进中国。
invite 邀请
invite sb to sth:
He invited us to his wedding.
他邀请我们参加他的婚礼。
invite sb to do sth:
At the end of the term, Rose was invited to give us a speech.
期末的时候，罗斯受邀给我们作了一场演讲。
join 参加；加入；连接
参加；加入
join sb (for sth):
Would you like to join us for dinner?
你想和我们一起吃晚饭吗？
join sb in doing sth:
Susan, go and join your sister in cleaning the yard.
苏珊，去和你姐姐一起打扫院子。
join sb to do sth:
Join us to celebrate Lily’s 8th birthday.
和我们一起庆祝莉莉的八岁生日吧。
● join in 参加 (比赛、活动等)
join sth with sth
Now join the sentences with “and then”.
现在用“and then”把句子连起来。
K
keep (kept, kept) (使) 保持
keep (sb / sth) + adj / adv / prep :
What can we do to keep fit?
我们能做些什么来保持健康呢？
keep (sb / sth) doing sth:
I’m sorry to keep you waiting for so long.
对不起，让你久等了。
● keep on (doing sth) 持续 (做某事)
● keep sb / sth from (doing) sth 阻止某人 / 某物 (做) 某事
● keep (...) away from (使……) 远离
● keep ... out (of) 遮挡；使……不进入
● keep off 避开；(使) 不接近
● keep going 尽力维持下去；坚持 (活)下去
● keep up 保持；继续
● keep up with 跟上
● keep a secret 保守秘密
● keep a pet dog 养了一只宠物狗
● keep a diary 写日记
know (knew, known)知道；懂得
know + wh- to do sth:
I don’t know how to increase my reading speed.
我不知道如何提高阅读速度。
it is known + that 从句：
It is well known that smoking is harmful to people’s health.
众所周知，吸烟有害健康。
● be known as 以……而出名；被称作；被认为 (be famous as)
● be known for 因……而闻名 (be famous for)
● be known to 为……所熟知
● know about 了解
● know of 知道；听说
L
lead (led, led) 指引；导致
lead sb to:
His road will lead us to the Yellow River.
这条路会引领我们到达黄河。
lead to:
Small steps lead to big changes.
小步骤导致大变化。
lead sb to do sth:
An advertisement sometimes leads customers to buy something they don’t need at all.
广告有时导致顾客购买他们根本不需要的东西。
learn (learned / learnt, learned / learnt) 学习；学会；得知
learn (wh-) to do sth:
I want to learn to drive.
我想学开车。
learn + wh- 从句：
We’ll learn what we did not know.
我们将学到以前不知道的知识。
learn (sth) from:
I never learned anything from a match that I won. — Bobby Jones
我从未在自己赢过的比赛中学到过任何东西。 —— 鲍比·琼斯
learn about / of:
I learned about / of her arrival from a close friend.
我从一位好友那里得知她到了。
leave (left, left) 离开；出发；使处于；剩下；留下
leave for:
When will the woman leave for London? (× ... leave to London?)
那位女士什么时候启程去伦敦？
leave sb / sth doing sth:
My sister and I didn’t leave the tap running when we brushed our teeth.
刷牙时，我和姐姐从不让水龙头的水一直流着。
leave ... + done / adj / adv:
Leave the door open, please.
请让门开着。
● leave a message留个口信
● leave behind 把……丢在后面；留下；忘带
● leave out 遗漏；冷落
● (be) left over 剩下；留下
lend (lent, lent) 借出；把……借给
lend sb sth / lend sth to sb:
Could you lend me some money? / Could you lend some money to me?
你能借给我些钱吗?
● lend (sb) a hand 帮助 (某人)
let (let, let) [不用于被动语态] 让；允许
let sb / sth do sth:
Please let me know if you need any help.
如果你需要帮助，就告诉我。
let sb / sth + adv / prep :
Don’t let strangers in when you are alone at home.
当你一个人在家的时候，不要让陌生人进来。
● let’s do sth [用于提出建议] 咱们做某事吧
● let down 使失望；辜负
● let off 饶恕；放过
● let out 发出 (声音等)
like 喜欢；想要
like (sb) doing / to do sth:
I like playing tennis.
我喜欢打网球。
I like to watch action movies because they’re exciting.
我喜欢看功夫片，因为它们很刺激。
would like (sb) to do sth:
I’d like to go to the seaside. 我想去海边。
● How do you like ...? 你 (们) 认为……怎么样？
● I’d like to. [省略句，作答语用] 我愿意。
● if you like 如果你愿意
long 渴望；盼望
long for:
The children are longing for the holidays.
孩子们盼望着放假。
long (for sb) to do sth:
I long to see my family again.
我很想再见到我的家人。
lose (lost, lost) 丢失；丧失；失去
● lose one’s way 迷路；迷失方向
● lose oneself in 专心于；全神贯注于
● get lost 迷路
● (be) lost in 沉浸于；专注于
M
make (made, made) 制造；挣得；使
make sth for sb / make sb sth:
Who made lunch for the family? / Who made the family lunch?
谁给家人做的午饭？
make sb do sth:
Homework made me stay up late.
我做家庭作业熬夜到很晚。
make sb / sth done:
I try to make myself understood by others.
我尽量让别人理解我。
make sb / sth + adj / prep / n :
His dance music made him famous all over Europe.
他的舞曲使他享誉全欧洲。
● be made from / of 由……制造；用……为原料制取
（be made from通常指从制成品中看不出原料，而be made of 通常从成品中能看出原料。）
● make a bed 铺床；整理床铺
● make ... into 把……制 / 变成
● make it 做到；成功
● make out of 用……制造出
● make up 组成；编写；编造：
● make up for 弥补
manage 设法做成；努力完成
manage to do sth:
His father managed to repair the car all by himself.
他父亲设法自己把这辆汽车修理好了。
mean (meant, meant) 意味着；打算
mean (sb / sth) doing sth:
Protecting our environment means protecting ourselves.
保护环境就是保护我们自己。
mean (sb / sth) to do sth：
I didn’t mean to do it.
我不是有意这样做的。
（mean to do sth 意为“打算做某事”；mean doing sth 意为“意味着做某事”。）
mean sth to sb:
Your friendship means a great deal to me.
你的友谊对我来说意义重大。
mention 提及；说到
mention sth (to sb):
Could I ask if you’ve mentioned this to her?
我能问问你向她提起过这件事了吗?
mention + (that) 从句：
These teenagers mentioned (that) collecting things was something they liked to do in their spare time.
这些青少年提到，收集东西是他们业余时间喜欢做的事情。
● don’t mention it [答复别人道谢时的用语] 不用客气
mind 介意；在乎
mind (sb) doing sth:
Would you mind (me / my) opening the window?
你介意 (我) 打开窗户吗?
● never mind 不要紧；没关系
miss 错过；想念
miss doing sth:
I missed scoring a goal.
我射丢了一个球。
I will miss working with you.
我会想念跟你共事的时光。
move 移动；迁移；搬家；使感动
● move to 搬到……
● move about / around 四处走动；经常搬动
● move in 搬进新居 (move into sth)
● move on 继续前进
● move out 搬出去；迁出
N-O
need 需要；必需
need sth for sth:
I need a sweater for school.
我上学要穿一件毛衣。
need (sb) to do sth:
We need to care for our planet.
我们需要呵护我们的星球。
need doing / to be done:
My windows need cleaning. / My windows need to be cleaned.
我的窗户需要擦洗。
notice 注意 (到)；察觉 (到)
notice sb do sth:
I notice adults cough in public without putting a hand over the mouth.
我注意到有些成年人在公共场合咳嗽时不用手挡住嘴。
notice sb doing sth:
He noticed some people making faces at him.
他注意到有一些人正在朝他做鬼脸。
offer (主动) 提出；提供
offer sb sth / offer sth to sb:
She offered me a cake.
她给了我一块蛋糕。
Offer your seat to someone who needs it.
请把座位让给需要的人。
offer to do sth:
I offered to do the cleaning for him.
我主动提出要替他打扫卫生。
open 打开
● open sb’s eyes 使某人长见识 / 开眼界 / 认清事实
● open up 展现；开发；开辟
order 命令；指示
order sb to do sth:
Her doctor has ordered her to rest for a week.
她的医生嘱咐她要休息一周。
P
pay (paid, paid) 付钱；支付
pay sb sth:
He paid me $5 to cut the grass.
他付给我五美元割草。
pay for sth:
It’s a great idea that you have to pay for plastic bags in some stores.
在一些商店付费买塑料袋是个不错的主意。
pay sth for sth:
How much did the girl pay for the sweater?
那个女孩买这件毛衣花了多少钱？
I paid $500 for the camera.
我买这部相机花了500美元。
pay sb for (doing) sth:
Did Linda pay you for looking after her baby?
琳达付给你看孩子的钱了吗？
● pay back 偿还；报答
● pay off 还清 (欠债等)；取得成功；得到好结果
plan 计划；打算
plan to do sth:
We plan to pick fruit and vegetables in the fields.
我们打算下地采摘水果和挖些蔬菜。
point 指向；瞄准
point at / to / towards sb / sth:
He lifted one hand and pointed at a picture of the mountain.
他抬起一只手，指向一幅山的图画。
point sth at sb / sth:
He lifted up the gun and pointed it at the bear.
他举起枪，瞄准了那只熊。
● point out 把……指出来 (给看)；指出；指明
practice 练习
practice doing sth:
They often practice reading at school on Friday afternoon.
星期五下午，他们常常在学校练习阅读。
praise 表扬；称赞
praise sb / sth for (doing) sth:
He praised Yang for his hard work.
他称赞了杨的勤奋。
prefer 更喜欢；更愿意
prefer to do / doing sth:
Do you prefer to read stories?
你更喜欢读故事吗？
Do you prefer writing a report on paper or on the computer?
你更喜欢在纸上还是在电脑上写报告？
prefer (doing) sth to (doing) sth:
I prefer classical music to pop music.
与流行音乐相比，我更喜欢古典音乐。
They preferred watching TV to reading a book.
他们喜欢看电视甚于读书。
prefer sb / sth to do sth:
I’d prefer you to start early.
我更希望你早点出发。
prepare (作) 准备；(把……) 准备好；(为……作) 准备；做(饭)
prepare (sb / sth) for sb / sth:
I have to prepare for my coming exam.
我得为即将到来的考试作准备。
prepare to do sth:
Kevin’s family are preparing to go on holiday.
凯文一家正准备去度假。
pretend 假装；装作
pretend to do sth:
He pretended to be interested in everything she did.
他假装对她做的一切都感兴趣。
prevent 阻止；防止
prevent sb / sth (from) doing sth:
Visitors should be prevented (from) walking on the grass.
应禁止游客踩踏草地。
promise 许诺；保证；答应
promise to do sth:
He promised to pick me up at the school gate.
他答应在学校门口接我。
promise (sb) + (that) 从句:
I promise I will try my best in my study.
我保证会在学习中尽自己最大的努力。
promise sb sth / promise sth to sb:
He promised his son a toy plane. / He promised a toy plane to his son.
他答应要给儿子一架玩具飞机。
protect 保护；防护
protect (sb / sth) against sth:
The government has to make more efforts to protect the city against pollution.
政府不得不做出更多的努力来保护城市免于污染。
protect sb / sth from (doing) sth:
Wear a hat to protect yourself from the sun.
戴一顶帽子来防晒。
prove 证实；证明
prove (to be) + adj / n:
He proved (to be) an honest friend.
事实表明他是一个诚实的朋友。
provide 提供；供应
provide sth for sb:
The school can provide all kinds of food for the students.
这所学校可以给学生提供各种食物。
provide sb with sth:
Could you provide me with information about exchange student programs?
你能提供给我一些有关交换生计划的信息吗？
● provide for 抚养；供养
punish 惩罚
punish sb for (doing) sth:
The naughty boy is always punished by his mother for his bad behavior.
这个淘气的男孩总是因为自己的不良行为而受到母亲的惩罚。
push 推；敦促；逼迫
push sb to do sth:
A bad guide pushes you to shop here and there.
不良导游会强迫你到处购物。
push sb into (doing) sth:
My father never pushed me into playing Ping-Pong.
我父亲从来没有逼我去打乒乓球。
● push on 继续前进；继续 (做某事)
● push over 推倒
put (put, put) 放；放置；写上；说；表达
● put aside 把…放在一边；把…撇开不理
● put away 把…收起 (放回原处)；放好
● put back 把…放回原处
● put down 放下；写下；记下
● put forward 提出 (建议等)
● put into 把…投入；(使) 进入… (状态)
● put off 推迟；延期
● put on 穿上；戴上；增加；上演 (戏剧等)
● put out 熄灭；扑灭；伸出
● put up 举起；抬起；张贴 (布告、相片等)；建造 (房屋等)；搭建
● put up with 忍受；容忍
R
realise / realize 意识到；实现
realize + (that) / wh- 从句：
Suddenly, I realized (that) I had made a mistake.
突然，我意识到自己犯了个错误。
receive 收到
receive sth from sb / sth:
We received a warm welcome from our host.
我们受到主人的热烈欢迎。
refuse 拒绝
refuse to do sth:
He never won a match, but he refused to give up.
他从未赢过一场比赛，但他拒绝放弃。
regret 后悔；遗憾；抱歉
regret doing sth：
I regretted doing such a silly thing.
我后悔做了这样的蠢事。
regret to say / tell ...：
I regret to tell you that you didn’t pass the exam.
很遗憾地告诉你，你没通过考试。
remember 记得；记住；想起；纪念
remember doing sth 记得曾做过某事：
I remember meeting her at a party once.
我记得曾经在一次聚会上遇见过她。
remember to do sth 记着要做某事：
When you are in trouble, remember to ask for help.
遇到困难时，记着要求助。
● be remembered for 因……而著名
report 报告；报道
report (sb / sth) doing sth：
Some people reported seeing the boy.
有些人报告说见过那个男孩。
it is reported that ...：
据报道下周日将有大雨。
require 需要；要求
require doing / to be done:
Most house plants require watering / to be watered regularly.
大部分室内植物需要定期浇水。
require sb to do sth:
You can require yourself to be nice to others, but you shouldn’t expect the same from others.
你可以要求自己善待他人，但你不应该期望别人也这么做。
require + that ... (should) do sth:
School rules require that students (should) wear school uniforms at school.
校规要求学生在校期间穿校服。
result 发生；导致
● result from 因……发生；随……产生
● result in 造成；导致
S
search 搜寻；搜查；搜索
search (sth) for:
Lots of Chinese search for work in the cities.
许多中国人在城市里找工作。
see (saw, seen) 看见；看到
see sb / sth + adj :
I never saw him angry.
我从没见过他生气。
see sb / sth do sth:
In our school dining hall, I often see students waste food.
在我们学校的餐厅里，我经常看到学生浪费食物。
see sb / sth doing sth:
I could see smoke rising up.
我能看到烟正冒出来。
see sb / sth done:
We don’t want to see snakes killed.
我们不想看到蛇被杀死。
seem 好像；似乎
seem (to be) + adj / n :
She seemed (to be) smart.
她似乎很聪明。
seem like:
It seemed like a good idea.
这主意好像不错。
it seems + as if / though 从句：
It seems as if it is / was going to rain.
看起来要下雨了。
it seems (to sb) + (that) 从句：
It seemed (to Peter) that losing weight was difficult.
(对皮特来说,) 减肥似乎很困难。
seem to do sth:
His bright musical life seemed to end.
他光辉的音乐生涯似乎要结束了。
sell (sold, sold) 卖；出售
sell sb sth / sell sth to sb:
He sold James his car. / He sold his car to James.
他把车卖给了詹姆斯。
● sell sth for 以…… (的价格) 出售某物
● sell out / be sold out 售完
send (sent, sent) 邮寄；发送；打发；送往
send sb sth / send sth to sb:
I’ll send you a photo of him. / I’ll send a photo of him to you.
我会把他的照片发给你。
send sb to some place:
The woman became very ill, so she was sent to hospital.
这位女士病得很重，因此被送进了医院。
send sb to do sth:
We can send more teachers to help the African people.
我们可以派更多的老师去帮助非洲人。
● send away 解雇；把…打发走
● send for 派人去叫
● send out 发出 (光、信号、声音等)；送出
set (set, set) 放；摆放；使处于；设置；树立
● set a new world record 创造一项新的世界纪录
● set about (doing) sth 开始 (做) 某事；着手 (做) 某事
● set aside 留出
● set down 记下；放下
● set off 出发；动身
● set out 出发；动身
● set up 设立；建立；创建
speak 说 (话)；讲 (话)；演讲；发言
speak to sb about sth
I haven’t spoken to Jane about all this.
这一切我还没跟简谈过。
speak with sb
When you speak with people from other countries, try to understand and respect their body language.
当你和来自其他国家的人说话时，尽量理解并尊重他们的身势语。
● speak of 谈到；提及
● speak up 大声说
spend (spent, spent) 花费
spend ... on (doing) sth:
Don’t spend money on (buying) expensive clothes.
不要把钱花在昂贵的衣服上。
spend ... on sth:
You should spend more time on your study.
你应该把更多的时间花在学习上。
spend ... (in) doing sth:
That way, Grant could spend more time playing basketball.
那样以来，格兰特就能多花点时间打篮球。
start 开始
start to do sth:
I will start to learn Tai Chi and never stop in halfway.
我要开始学习太极拳，绝不会半途而废的。
start doing sth:
It’s never too late to start reading.
什么时候开始读书都不会太晚。
stop 停止
stop doing sth:
Please stop smoking now!
现在就请停止吸烟吧！
stop to do sth:
The garden is so beautiful that people want to stop to see it.
花园太漂亮了，人们都想停下来观赏。
stop sb / sth (from) doing sth:
We must do something to stop our earth (from) warming.
我们必须做些事情来阻止地球变暖。
suggest 建议；提出；表明；暗示
suggest doing sth:
I suggest buying her a Teddy Bear for her birthday.
我提议给她买个泰迪熊作为生日礼物。
suggest (that) sb (should) do sth:
The doctor suggests he take medicine three times a day.
医生建议他一天三次服药。
it is suggested that sb (should) do sth:
It is suggested that students (should) do more reading and writing.
建议学生们应该多读、多写。
suggest + (that) 从句：
All the facts suggest that he stole the money.
所有事实都表明是他偷了钱。
support 支持
support sb in (doing) sth:
His sister suppor ted him in his university study.
姐姐支持他上大学。
suppose 认为；猜想；假定
(be) supposed to be / to do sth
应该；理应：
We’re supposed to get along well and help each other.
我们应该友好相处、互相帮助。
被认为；被当作：
April Fool’s Day is supposed to be a day to play jokes on others.
愚人节被认为是开别人玩笑的一天。
T
take (took, taken) 带走；拿走；带着；花费
take sb / sth with sb:
The visitor takes some food with him when he leaves.
这个游客走的时候随身带了些食物。
take sb sth / take sth to sb：
Shall I take my host family a gift? / Shall I take a gift to my host family?
我给要寄宿的家庭带件礼物好吗？
take sb / sth to sth：
The mother took the kid to the park.
那位母亲带孩子去了公园。
take sb to do sth：
Let me take you to see the doctor.
我带你去看医生吧。
it takes (sb) sth to do sth
It took me five hours to get back home.
我回家用了5个小时。
● take sb’s advice 接受某人的建议
● take a test 参加考试
● take the medicine 服药
● take a bus / plane 乘公共汽车 / 坐飞机
● take notes / a photo 记笔记 / 照相
● take a bath / walk 洗澡 / 散步
● take a look at 看一看，看一眼
● take a rest 歇一会儿
● take after (外貌或行为等) 像 (长辈)
● take apart 拆开
● take away 拿走；带走；买外卖食物
● take down 拆除；写下
● take in 吸入
● take off 脱下 (衣、帽等)；(飞机等) 起飞
● take on 接受 (工作)
● take out 把…带出去
● take up 开始 (从事)；占用
talk 谈话；交谈；谈
talk (to / with sb) (about sb / sth):
It’s necessary for us to talk to our parents when we have problems.
当我们遇到麻烦时，有必要跟父母谈一谈。
British people often begin their conversations by talking about the weather.
英国人经常以谈论天气开始他们的谈话。
● talk back (to sb) 顶嘴；回嘴
teach (taught, taught) 教；教授；教育
teach sb sth / teach sth to sb:
She has made some friends who can teach her Chinese / teach Chinese to her.
她交了些能教她学汉语的朋友。
teach sb about sth:
The book teaches you about student teacher relationship.
这本书教你有关师生关系的知识。
teach sb (how) to do sth:
She taught me to read and write when I was young.
我小的时候她教我读书写字。
teach sb to do sth:
Our parents often teach us to behave at dinner table.
我们的父母经常教育我们在餐桌上要表现得有礼貌。
tell (told, told) 告诉；讲述；命令；吩咐
tell sb sth / tell sth to sb:
Tell me the address, please. / Tell the address to me, please.
请把地址告诉我。
tell sb about sth:
He never told his parents about his headaches.
他从未跟父母谈起过他头痛。
tell sb to do sth:
My parents often tell me to behave well.
我父母经常嘱咐我要守规矩。
tell sb + wh- to do sth:
They don’t like to be told what to do!
他们不喜欢被命令该做什么！
thank 感谢
thank sb for (doing) sth:
Thank you for lending me the dictionary.
谢谢你借给我词典。
think (thought, thought) 认为；思考；想
● think about 思考；考虑：
● think of 考虑；关心；想出；想起
● think of ... as ... 把……看作……；认为……是……
● think over 仔细考虑
● think up 想出
try 试；尝试；试图
try to do sth:
Whatever the boy had to do, he tried to do his best.
那个男孩不论要做什么，他都会尽全力去做。
try doing sth:
John isn’t here. Try phoning his home number.
约翰不在这儿，打他家里的电话试试。
（try doing sth 一般表示“尝试做某事”，含有试试看的意味；try to do sth 则表示“努力做某事”。）
● try on 试穿
● try one’s best (to do sth) 尽最大努力(做某事)
● try out 试验
turn 转 (身)；转动；转弯；(使) 转向；(使) 变成；(使) 变为
turn + adj / n :
Stop your car when the traffic lights turn yellow.
交通信号灯变黄时要停车。
turn sth + adj :
The snow turns the whole world white.
雪把整个世界都变白了。
● turn around 转身；转变
● turn away 把…转过去
● turn back (使) 往回走
● turn down 关小；调低 (音量等)
● turn into (使) 变成；(使) 成为
● turn off 关 (水、煤气、电灯等)
● turn on 开 (水、煤气、电灯等)
● turn out 原来 (是)；证明 (是)；结果 (是)
● turn over (使) 翻转；翻过 (书页)
● turn to 求助于；转向
● turn up 开大 (声音等)；出现
U-W
use 使用；利用；运用
use sth for (doing) / as sth:
What do you use it for?
你用它来做什么？
The rubber could be used as erasers.
橡胶可以用作橡皮。
use sth to do sth:
Wood can be used to make fire.
木材能被用来生火。
● use up 用光；耗尽
wait 等待；期待
wait for sb / sth:
Don’t cut in line when you wait for the bus at the bus stop.
在公交车站等车时，不要插队。
wait to do sth:
Are you waiting to use the computer?
你在等着用电脑吗？
wait for sb / sth to do sth:
I’m waiting for my mum to have dinner.
我正在等妈妈吃饭。
● can’t wait (to do sth) 等不及 (做某事)
● wait a minute / moment / second 等一下
● wait and see [用于叫某人耐心等待事情的结果] 等着瞧
want 要；想要
want to do sth：
What do you want to be when you grow up?
你长大了想做什么？
want sb / sth to do sth:
Mr Wu wants me to give a talk in class tomorrow.
吴老师想让我明天在课上作一个报告。
warn 警告；提醒；告诫
warn (sb) about / of sth:
She warned us about / of the danger.
她提醒我们要当心危险。
warn (sb) against (doing) sth:
The doctor warned the patient against smoking.
医生告诫这个病人不要吸烟。
warn sb to do sth:
Our school warns us not to play on the road.
学校提醒我们不要在马路上玩耍。
waste 浪费；损耗
waste sth on sb / sth:
Have you been wasting time on computer games?
你一直在浪费时间玩电脑游戏吗？
waste sth (in) doing sth:
Do not waste life lying in bed on Sunday mornings.
星期日早上不要躺在床上浪费生命。
watch 看；注视
watch sb / sth do / doing sth:
They watched the bus disappear into the distance.
他们注视着公共汽车消失在远方。
watch sb / sth done:
She watched the wounded soldier carried out of the house.
她看着那个受伤的士兵被抬出了房子。
wish 想；希望；祝愿
wish to do sth:
Some children wish to become actors, singers or police officers.
有些孩子想成为演员、歌手或者警官。
wish sb to do sth:
Why don’t you wish her to accept the job?
你为什么不希望她接受这个工作呢?
wish sb sth:
I wish you every success.
祝你一切成功。
wonder 对……感到惊讶；想知道
wondered about / at sth:
He wondered about / at her answer.
他对她的回答感到很惊讶。
wonder + wh- 从句：
I always wonder what life would be like without computers or mobile phones.
我总是想知道，如果没有电脑和手机，生活会是什么样子。
I wonder / was wondering if / whether ... [礼貌的请求] (我) 不知是否：
I wonder if you can help me.
不知你是否能帮我。
worry (使) 担心；(使)忧虑
worry about / over sth:
There’s no need to worry about it.
没必要为此担心。
write (wrote, written) 写；书写；写信
write ... about /on
Please write about your best friend.
请描写一下你最好的朋友。
write (to) sb:
Don’t forget to write (to) me.
别忘了给我写信。
write sth to sb / write sb sth:
I think we should write a letter to the headmaster about the problems.
我认为我们应该就这些问题给校长写封信。
● write back 回信
● write down 写下；记下