建议2021年高考的收藏英语完形填空考生易错的单词与短语

完形填空题是高考英语中综合题，也是压轴题，完形填空考查学生语言知识综合运用能力，包括词汇运用能力。在词汇运用上考生容易出错的地方有以下两种：

一、多义多性词

多义多性词是考生容易搞错的地方，许多考生只是简单地背单词，不讲单词的词性与使用，而高考考纲里明明强调注重语境和运用的考查，那么高考命题人往往会在具有多种意思、多种词性的词上设空，这样考生就需要根据语境来判读这个词在文章中作为哪个含义、作为哪种词性，这就体现了考查考生在一定的语境下的词汇运用能力。以下例子都是来源于高考完形填空往年真题，前车之鉴，建议2021年参加高考的同学收藏。

1、That’s especially impressive, 1 she is legally blind, born with a rare condition that causes her eyes to shift constantly.

1. A. since B. unless C. after D. though

解析：since一词具有介词和连接词两种词性，意思有自从和既然两种意思，在此题中为既然的意思。

2. She often sees double and can’t 2 how far away things are.

2. A. tell B. guess C. assume D. predict

解析：tell常作告诉、告知的意思，除此之外，tell还有区分出，区别开来的意思。

3.They were back at the beach-house, 3 from the tantrum she had thrown when they told her

that it was too dangerous to go diving along.

3. A. changing B. recovering C. appearing D. traveling

解析：recovering 是恢复的意思，既可以指疾病的，也可以指心理的平复。

4. “If you go out there you’ll be 4 ,” the man called after her. She did not bother to reply.

4. A. angry B. sorry C. confused D. excited

解析：sorry 除了有对不起的意思外还有遗憾、后悔之意思。

5.She let me 5 that making others feel good made me feel good, too, when she died, I was heartbroken, but I was very grateful to her.

5. A. explain B. guess C. declare D. see

解析：see除了有看见的意思之外，还有明白的意思。

6.But she is so 6 that she never lets anyone put her down.

6. A. honest B. strong C. active D. young

解析：strong除了可以指自体强壮的意思外，还可以指意志坚强，还可以指味道浓烈，比如 strong tea 浓茶。

7.His Dad couldn’t afford the 7 at college, so Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes.

7. A. training B. board C. teaching D. equipment

解析：board意思较多，n. 板; (尤指)木板; …用木板(或板材); (公司或其他机构的)董事会，委员会，理事会;v. 上船(或火车、飞机、公共汽车等); 让乘客登机(或上船等); 付费(在某人家里)膳宿，这里指的是膳宿费用。

8. But though he was rooted in his past, he wasn’t 8 there.

8. A. educated B. protected C. stuck D. spoilt

解析：stuck其原形为stick的意思也比较多，v. 粘贴; 将…刺入(或插入); 刺; 戳; 插入; 粘住; (尤指迅速或随手)放置;n. 枝条; 枯枝; 柴火棍儿; 球棍; 条状物; 棍状物，此外引伸为卡在什么地方的意思。

9. That morning, however, the process didn’t 9 quickly.

9. A. go B. begin C. occur D. change

解析：go一词的用法也不是那么简单，除了作为不及物动词去的意思外，还可以作为连系动词，意思为变得的意思，如 go wrong, go bad, 这在里go作为进展的意思。

10. Dad, the life 10 I have learned from you will stay with me forever. You are my father, teacher, friend and, most importantly, my hero.

10 .A. history B. motto C. patterns D. lessons

解析：lesson除了有课的意思外，还有教训、经验之意思。

11. 'Our hair was fried and falling out, nails broken, clothes 16 to a thread, but we were alive.'

11. A. sewn B. washed C. worn D. ironed

解析：worn 其原形为wear除了有穿着的意思外，还有磨破、磨烂的意思。

12. He said that if he quit the job, he would lose his 13 to work and succeed.

12. A. heart B. chance C. drive D. way

解析：drive兼有动词与名词两种词性，drive原本的意思是驱使、驱动的意思，这里作为名词是动力的意思。

13. I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as 14 to it as I am to my dogs,” says Ehlers.

13. A. equal B. allergic C. grateful D. close

解析：close作为动词是关的意思，这里作为形容词，是靠近的，接近的，这里引伸为关系密切的意思。

14. As he often did, he stopped by “the after work auction（拍卖）” 15 by the Italian police where things found on the trains were sold to the highest bidder.

14. A. attended B. reserved C. cancelled D. run

解析：run除了常见作为跑的意思外，在这里作为经营的意思，还有延伸的意思，如It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and from world.

二、短语

英语短语也是多数同学的短板，英语短语主要有两类，一是在动词后搭配介词或副词，二是介词短语。

1.We soon 1 by the house and I tell her what it was like here, the memories rushing back, swift as the tide (潮水).

1. A. catch up B. pull up C. step down D. come down

pull up（车或驾车者）减速停下

2. On winter days, Mr. Greenberg 2 gloves.

2. A. searches for B. stores up C. gives away D. puts on

gives away送; 捐赠

3.My mother is now back with us. But I will never forget what the experience has really taught me. Sacrifices 3 in the end.

3. A. pay off B. come back C. run out D. turn up

pay off偿清，还清、回报

4. He always puts our happiness before his own, and never fails to cheer me on at my sports games 4 his exhaustion after long days.

4. A. in spite of B. in terms of C. in control of D. in place of

in spite of尽管

5.He 5 as he thought of his failure to sell all his papers.

5. A. gave in B. broke down C. got away D. showed up

break down分解; （机器或车辆）出毛病，损坏; （讨论、关系或系统）失败，破裂，失灵; 将…分成若干部分; （使）（物质）分解; 感情失控，痛苦; 捣毁; 拆除; 消除，破除（障碍或偏见）

6. When they 6 for their Sunday game, they were completely different.

6. A. dressed B. showed up C. made up D. planned

showed up出现; 露面; 如约赶到

7.I 7 the idea of taking the class because ，after all ,who doesn’t want to save a few dollars?

7. A. put forward B. jumped at C. tried out D. turned down

jumped at急于接受

8.Then I got to the point where I was 8 really late at night to get my work done.

8. A. hanging out B. staying up C. jogging round D. showing off

staying up 熬夜

9. The environmental challenges are significant but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 9 .

9. A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away

paying off回报

10.At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, 10 lands of low growing plants.

10. A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to

give way to向…让步;向…妥协; 被…替代;

11. Jeff had hunted in Lowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched 11 for Rosie in the next four days.

11. A. on purpose B. on time C. in turn D. in vain

in vain徒劳

12. Right after Erin 12 my wallet on the bus，she posted a picture of my driver’s license to an online forum（论坛），trying to see if anyone knew me.

12. A. got rid of B. made use of C. had control of D. took possession of

take possession of占有，拥有

13.Always water it down and don't let your ego (自我)get 13 .

13. A. out of sight B.in the way C. behind the scene D. above the law

in the way阻碍，挡道