八上英语语法梳理（附练习题）
Unit 1
Where did you go on vacation?
第一单元的语法重点是复合不定代词。
复合不定代词是指由 some-, any-, no-, every- 与 -thing, -one, -body 等构成的不定代词。
常见的复合不定代词有：
【注意】：
在使用复合不定代词时，要注意以下几点：
1.带 some 的复合不定代词通常用于肯定句中，而带 any 的复合不定代词通常用于否定句或疑问句中。如：
●I can’t see anything on the table. 我在桌子上什么也看不到。
●— Is there anyone in the classroom? 教室里有人吗？
— Yes. There is someone. 是的，有人。
2.在表示请求、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句中，也用带 some 的复合不定代词。如：
●Would you like something to drink? 你想要喝点什么吗？
●Why not ask someone to go with you? 为什么不叫人和你一起去呢？
3.形容词修饰复合不定代词时，要放在复合不定代词的后面。如：
There's nothing serious. 没什么要紧的。
4.复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。如：
Someone is waiting for you .有人正在等你。
【记忆口诀】：
复合代词美名扬，修饰成分后边藏；
如果它来作主语，谓语动词用单数。
1. People often keep ______ to eat or sell their eggs.
A. horses B. cows C. hens D. dogs
2. —Lin Tao, you come from Kunming, right? What do you like ______ about it?
—I think the weather is my favorite. It’s not too cold in winter or too hot in summer.
A. most B. much C. lot D. quite
3. Bill has been tired these days. So he is planning to go ______ vacation.
A. in B. on C. before D. after
4. Nowadays I can choose online courses and study by ______.
A. I B. me C. my D. myself
5. —Jack looks so unhappy. Do you know why?
—Yes. He ______ his new mobile phone yesterday.
A. was losing B. is losing
C. lost D. lose
6. —Look at the dark clouds, and the wind is blowing strongly.
—It ______ that a big storm is coming.
A. sounds B. seems
C. feels D. smells
7. Is there ______ in the newspaper?
A. something special
B. special something
C. anything special
D. special anything
8. The new work is ______. I’m really ______ with it.
A. boring; bored B. bored; bored
C. boring; boring D. bored; boring
9. Don’t worry. The train starts at 5:00 p.m. We still have ______ time.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
10. —Did you go to the movies last Sunday?
—______. The movie was very interesting.
A. Of course B. No problem
C. Not really D. Sounds great
11. When we got to the top of the ______, we could see a better view.
A. hill B. floor C. head D. river
12. His last CD sold very well. We all hope the new one will be just ______ popular.
A. too B. very C. as D. quite
13. When you are on the plane, everything ______ seems very small.
A. below B. above C. under D. over
14. I’m afraid to speak English in class because I ______ others may laugh if I make mistakes.
A. feel like B. look like
C. sound like D. seem like
15. That math problem was difficult, so Miss Wang asked me to try ______ it. I tried ______ it and made it finally.
A. to do; doing B. to do; to do
C. doing; doing D. doing; to do
16. The book is ______ for us to read and it’s also fun.
A. hard enough B. enough hard
C. easy enough D. enough easy
17. It is sunny and hot today, so we decide ______ to the beach.
A. went B. go C. to go D. goes
18. Sam got all wet ______ the big rain.
A. as a result B. because
C. so D. because of
19. —Mr. Wang, I’m afraid I can’t finish the work in two days.
—Don’t worry. I’ll give you ______ days.
A. two another B. two more
C. more two D. two many
20. —Come on, or we will be late!
—______! I can’t find my bag, Mom.
A. All right B. Wait a minute
C. I’m coming D. Thanks
Unit 2
How often do you exercise?
第二单元我们要学习的重点语法是频度副词。
频度副词是副词家族的一个分支，用来表示动作发生的频率。
常见的频度副词有：
【例句展示】：
1. She is always glad to help others. 她总是乐于助人。
2. My mother usually gets up at six. 我妈妈通常 6 点起床。
3. He often goes to the library. 他经常去图书馆。
4. Sometimes she plays tennis after school. 她有时放学后打网球。
5. I hardly know him. 我几乎不认识他。
6. I never go out at night. 我从不晚上出门。
【用法归纳】：
通过观察以上例句，我们可以发现：
1. 频度副词是一般现在时的“标志词”，表示经常性的动作或情况。
2. 频度副词通常置于系动词、助动词或情态动词之后，实义动词之前。（sometimes 可放在句首，表示强调，也可置于句尾。）
3. 频度副词按照发生的频率大小可排列为： always ＞ usually ＞ often ＞ sometimes ＞ hardly ＞ never。
【注意】：
对表示频度的词（组）（如：once a week, every day 等）进行提问时，通常用 how often， 意为“多久一次”。如：
Miss Gao dances twice a week. (对划线部分提问) → How often does Miss Gao dance?
1. Now people can stay at home for as long as they want because of the ______. They can order food, buy clothes, have classes,etc.
A. World B. Internet
C. supermarket D. restaurant
2. —Look! The bus is coming.
—Oh, my God! It’s ______. I’m afraid we can’t get on it.
A. busy B. hungry C. full D. serious
3. —I often watch TV plays on weekends. What about you?
—I ______ watch them. They are long and boring.
A. always B. hardly ever
C. usually D. often
4. —John ______ from Canada. I’m not sure.
—I don’t know, either. ______ he is from America.
A. may be; Maybe B. can be; Must be
C. must be; Can be D. may be; May be
5. —______ do you exercise, Tony?
—Every day.
A. How often B. How soon
C. How long D. How much
6. —Mike, why did you sleep in class?
—Sorry, Miss Wang. I ______ late last night to watch the soccer game.
A. put up B. looked up
C. got up D. stayed up
7. Of the two physics problems, Martha just finished ______ one.
A. the most difficult
B. the least difficult
C. the less difficult
8. My mother has ______ free time in our family of three because she has to do the housework every day.
A. the fewest B. the least
C. less D. the most
9. —How often does your brother use ______ Internet?
—He uses it three times ______ week.
A. the; a B. /; the
C. the; / D. an; /
10. —Amy, I can’t find my English book.
—Really? ______ I saw you use it in the last class, Helen.
A. I don’t know. B. How come?
C. What a pity! D. Sorry to hear that
11. He is good at painting. Now he sets up a(n) ______ store to sell his paintings on the Internet.
A. online B. loud C. sad D. terrible
12. I eat fruit and drink milk every day to keep me ______.
A. health B. healthily C. healthy D. unhealthy
13. —Would you like to have some tea or coffee? —______. I’d like a glass of water.
A. Neither B. Either C. None D. Both
14. Give me a glass of water, please. I ______ of thirst.
A. die B. am dying C. died D. to die
15. ______ Mrs. Green is ill, ______ she still goes to work.
A. Although; but B. /; so C. Although; /
16. It’s said that happiness is achieved ______ hard work.
A. for B. in C. during D. through
17. My cousin can do a lot of housework ______ he is only nine years old.
A. so B. because C. if D. although
18. Ken was ______ late for school. The bell rang right after he entered the classroom.
A. still B. always C. already D. almost
19. To the math teacher’s surprise, students find ______ two ways to work out this difficult problem.
A. Less than B. more than
C. rather than D. other than
20. Good grades need many good habits, ______ listening to the teacher carefully, doing homework carefully and correcting mistakes.
A. such as B. as if
C. as well D. as for
Unit 3
I'm more outgoing than my sister
本单元语法重点：形容词和副词的比较级。
形容词和副词的原形就是原级；比较级，表示较……或更……；最高级， 表示最...…
单音节词和少数双音节词比较级和最高级的规则变化：
部分单词比较级和最高级的不规则变化：
*由形容词加ly构成的双音节词和多音节词，都是在该词前加-more/most.
quickly—more quickly—(the) most quickly
difficultly—more difficultly—(the) most difficultly
【记忆口诀】：
两者之间做比较，尾巴 er 少不了
一般词尾加 er，有 e 词尾只加 r
单一辅音单音节，双写词尾加 er
辅音加 y 很重要，去 y 变 i 加 er
双多音节字太长，前加 more 比它强
遇到双多最高级， most 放前最成立
【比较的形式】：
形容词和副词的比较级用于两者之间的比较，有如下几种形式：
1. 表示同级比较
把两个人或物比较时，如果只说明两者相同，则可使用 as ... as 句型，表示“和……一样……”。其否定句型为 not as / so... as，表示“……不如……”。这两个句型中要使用形容词或副词的原形。
例如：
I am as tall as my sister. 我和我的妹妹一样高。
She is not as popular as her friend. 她没有她的朋友受欢迎。
2. 表示不同程度的比较
如果想表达两者之间的差异，结构为“A + be + 形容词比较级 + than + B”或“A + 实义动词 + 副词比较级 + than + B”， 表示“A 比 B 更……”。
例如：
Mark is more outgoing than Tony. 马克比托尼更外向。
She is friendlier than other friends. 她比其他朋友更友好。
I did worse in the exam than Sally. 我考试成绩没 Sally 的优秀。
Please sing more loudly in the show. 请在表演中唱得更大声一点。
3. 比较级的特殊用法
（1）“比较级+and+比较级”，意为“越来越”。多音节比较级用“more and more+原级”
（2）“the+比较级(…), the+比较级(…)”意思是：”越…越…”The more, the better.
（3）“主+ is + the 形容词比较级+of the two+名复 “，意为”主语是两者中较......的”
4. 表示两者在某一方面相同时，用“A+谓语动词/be动词+as+ adj./adv.原级+ as+ B.”
例如：
Helen is as tall as Amy. 海伦和艾米一样高。
表示两者中一方在某一方面不及另一方时，用“not as/so+形容词或副词原级+as”。
例如：
I am not as tall as my sister. 我没我妹妹高。
5. 形容词，副词比较级前的修饰语
当需要表示一方超过另一方的程度时，可以用much, a lot, a little, a bit等来修饰形容词比较级。
【注意】：
形容词和副词的比较级前面可以用 much, a littl, even, a bit, any 等词或词组修饰，表示不同程度；比较级不能用very, so, too, quite 等修饰。
例如：
Mr Smith is a little nicer to us than before. 史密斯先生对我们比以前更友善了一点。
1. Now CCTV holds a ______ every year to find who is the best at poems.
A. party B. game C. meeting D. competition
2. It is easy for ______ people to make friends because they like meeting different people.
A. shy B. quiet C. outgoing D. hard-working
3. Bob never does his homework as ______ as Mary. He makes a lot of mistakes.
A. careful B. carefully C. more carefully
4. Jenny will get up ______ than usual in order to catch the first bus.
A. early B. very early
C. earlier D. earliest
5. Peter spoke so ______ that I could hardly hear him.
A. loudly B. quietly C. clearly D. patiently
6. Our team ______ the match. We’ve got first place.
A. lost B. beat C. won D. hit
7. ______ Gina is an English girl, she knows a lot about Chinese culture.
A. Because B. If C. Though D. So
8. —I think he is ______ of the two.
—That’s true. He often tells jokes to make us laugh.
A. funnier B. the funnier
C. funniest D. the funniest
9. The cars made in Japan are ______ cheaper than ______ made in America.
A. more; that
B. much; those
C. much; there
10. —Helen, ______ of the twins is Tom? I really can’t tell.
—The one with a blue jacket. Blue is Tom’s favorite color.
A. which B. what C. who D. where
11. It’s ______ to give children more time to read. Books can let them see the world.
A. necessary B. friendly C. touching
12. His new coat is ______ to mine. But they also have some differences.
A. same B. similar C. difficult D. important
13. Helen studied hard last term and she god excellent ______ in her exams.
A. gifts B. rules C. messages D. grades
14. My parents are always ______ for me when I am growing up.
A. here B. there C. where D. somewhere
15. —Which singer do you like, Zhang Liangying or Zhou Bichang?
—______. I love their songs very much.
A. All B. Neither C. Both
16. More and more people get used to looking for ______ on the Internet.
A. situation B. question
C. information D. suggestion
17. Every one of us ______ always breathe the same breath and share the same future as the people.
A. might B. should C. could
18. The smile on his face makes him ______ really ______.
A. look; kind B. looks; kindly
C. look; kindly D. looks; kind
19. Thank you for having this party. I can ______ say I have never enjoyed myself so much.
A. truly B. clearly
C. carefully D. loudly
20. People always make many friends. Some friends are the same ______ them, but other friends may be different ______ them.
A. with; as B. as; as
C. with; from D. as; from
Unit 4
What's the best movie theater?
本单元语法重点：形容词和副词的最高级。
当三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较时，就需要使用形容词、副词的最高级，来表达最高、最远、最快等意义。
1. in 或 of 在句子中表示比较范围时，最高级就大显身手。in 表示“在……内”，意为在某范围内，不一定是同类；of 表示“属性”。
例如：
Sam is the tallest boy in our class. 萨姆是我们班最高的男孩。
The girl is the most hard-working of all the students. 这个女孩是学生中最勤奋的。
2. 序数词后跟形容词最高级。
例如：This park is the second biggest in our city. 这座公园是我们城市第二大公园。
3.“ one of the + 最高级 + 名词复数 ”的结构表示“（在众多当中）最……之一 ”。
例如：This tower is one of the oldest towers in our town. 这座塔是我们镇上最古老的塔之一。
4. 最高级的意思往往可以用比较级的形式表达出来。“比较级 +than any other + 单 数名词”可以表达最高级的含义。
例如：Mary sings more beautifully than any other student in our class. = Mary sings the most beautifully in our class. 玛丽是我们班唱歌最好听的学生。
1. —I’ve spent the whole afternoon reading books.
— I think you’d better go out and get some ______ air.
A. bad B. thick C. fresh D. heavy
2. Joe’s parents aren’t at home today. So he has to make the ______ and wash the dishes by himself.
A. rules B. meals C. models D. clothes
3. Amy is a very ______ girl and she can do everything ______.
A. carefully; careful B. carefully; carefully
C. careful; carefully D. careful; careful
4. Which is ______ way to travel, by plane, by train or by bus?
A. less expensive B. more cheaper
C. the most expensive D. cheaper
5. The new bed is very ______, and we can sleep on it ______.
A. Comfortable; comfortable
B. comfortable; comfortably
C. comfortably; comfortable
D. comfortably; comfortably
6. —The weather today is ______ than that of yesterday.
—It is ______ of these days.
A. worse;the worst B. the worst; worse
C.worse; worse D. the worst; the worst
7. More and more people choose ______ bikes to work instead of driving.
A. to ride B. riding C. ride D. rode
8. —Hello, Tom. How can I get to your home?
—It ______ the subway station, and it’s only 5 minutes’ walk.
A. is far from
B. is similar to
C. is close to
9. Tom needs $1.000 to buy a computer. But ______ he has only made $500.
A. so far B. so as to
C. so that D. or so
10. —Excuse me, where’s the library?
—_______.
—Thank you all the same.
A. Sorry, I don’t know
B. That way, please
C. This is the library
D. There it is
11. Li Yundi showed a ______ for playing the piano at an early age.
A. talent B. nature C. study D. beauty
12. Our teacher Miss Zhang is ______ ill. Let’s go to visit her after school.
A. seriously B. greatly C. clearly D. quietly
13. —You are late again. Tell me the truth. Don’t ______ any stories.
—Sorry , Miss Wang. I got up late this morning.
A. put up B. make up
C. dress up D. stand up
14. The two watches are both very beautiful. I really don’t know ______.
A. what to choose B. which to choose
C. why to choose D. when to choose
15. Nobody worked the math problem out. It was ______ one of all.
A. easier B. the easiest
C. more difficult D. the most difficult
16. —Tan Dun does not use any musical instruments in his music Water.
—That’s really amazing. He is so ______.
A. energetic B. modest C. serious D. creative
17. Where to go on vacation this year ______ me.
A. is up to B. is up on
C. up to D. up for
18. —Kunming is a beautiful city.
—Yes, and I feel ______ to live there.
A. comfortable B. worried C. afraid D. tired
19. —What ______ will you win after winning the competition?
—A free trip
A. prize B. attention C. advice
20. Dogs can have many talents. ______, they can jump ropes with people.
A. For example B. After all
C. What’s more D. All in all
Unit 5
Do you want to watch a game show?
本单元语法重点：动词不定式。
动词不定式的基本形式是 to do，其否定式是 not to do。不定式可以充当多种句子成分，如主语、表语、宾语、定语、宾语补足语和状语等。本单元的学习重点是动词不定式作宾语。
1. 不定式作宾语
有些及物动词常用动词不定式作宾语，如 want, hope, expect, wish, plan, learn, decide, choose, would like 等。
例如：I hope to be a dancer in the future. 我希望未来可以成为一名舞蹈演员。
Mary plans to watch the talk show with her parents tonight. Mary 打算今晚和她的父母一起看脱口秀节目。
常见接动词不定式作宾语的动词记忆口诀：
三个希望两答应：hope/wish/expect；agree/promise
两个要求莫拒绝：demand/ask；refuse
设法学会做决定：manage；learn；decide
不要假装在选择：pretend；choose
2. 不定式作宾语补足语
动词不定式还可以作宾语补足语，与句子中的宾语形成逻辑上的主谓关系。常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask, help, tell, wish, want, teach等。
例如：Our music teacher teaches us to sing the new song. 音乐老师教我们唱这首新歌。
◆一些动词不定式作宾语补足语时可省略 to，这样的动词有使役动词 let, make, have 等，以及感官动词 see, watch, hear, feel 等。
例如：
I saw him leave a few minutes ago. 我看到他几分钟前离开了。
◆help 后面既可以跟带 to 的不定式，也可以跟不带 to 的不定式作宾语补足语。
例如：
The boy always helps his father (to) cut grass on weekends. 这个男孩总是在周末帮他的父亲修剪草坪。
1. —What do you think of soap operas?
—______. But my mother likes them.
A. I like them B. I enjoy them
C. I can’t stand them D. I don’t agree
2. —What will you do after graduating from school?
—My parents ______ me to be a writer.
A. expect B. hope C. make D. wants
3. —What do you think of ______ movies, Kate?
—I think it is ______ educational one.
A. an; an B. the; an
C. the; a D. a; the
4. —What are you going to do tonight?
—I plan ______ Green Book.
A. watch B. watching
C. to watch D. watched
5. The new film is ______. It tells us that friends are important in our life.
A. meaningless B. necessary
C. educational D. difficult
6. My grandfather went to America when he was young. We haven’t received ______ about him for many years. There were no letters or phone calls.
A. a piece of news B. a news
C. many news D. lots of news
7. —Little Tom, you have to ______ your manners at your uncle’s home, or I won’t take you there.
—OK, Dad.
A. see B. mind C. care D. notice
8. —Look in the mirror. What happened ______ your face?
—Oh, there’s some ink on my face.
A. to B. on C. in D. of
9. Excuse me, sir. I’m calling to ______ when the next plane to Chengdu will leave.
A. find out B. look out C. look for
10. —What are you doing?
—We are having a ______ about when to have a party.
A. decision B. test C. discussion D. trip
11. In American ______, Thanksgiving is one of the most meaningful festivals for families and friends in a year.
A. culture B. education
C. promises D. discussions
12. Mount Lao is one of ______ mountains in Qingdao. Many tourists like climbing it every year.
A. famous B. the more famous
C. most famous D. the most famous
13. The first Mobike ______in Shanghai in April, 2016.
A. got B. lost C. appeared D. touched
14. “The early bird catches the worm.” means if you want to be ______, you have to do something before others.
A. talented B. meaningful
C. successful D. lucky
15. I’m sure he is an honest boy. I have no ______ to doubt what he said.
A. reason B. action C. feeling D. decision
16. —Excuse me, where is Grace?
—She ______ be in the school library, but I’m not sure.
A. need B. must C. might D. have to
17. Wu Jing played well in the ______ Wolf Warrior II. He acted like a real soldier and had ood fights.
A. cartoon B. comedy
C. action movie D. scary movie
18. Life is like a race. I am ______ take on new challenges any time.
A. ready to B. unhappy to
C. excited about D. worried about
19. On my birthday, my father ______ as a bear to make my friends and me ______.
A. wears; laugh B. dressed up; laughed
C. wore; to laugh D. dressed up; laugh
20. —When did this book ______?
—In 1982.
A. come in B. come up
C. come over D. come out
参考答案
U1
1-5 CABDC 6-10 BCADA
11-15 ACAAD 16-20 CCDBB
U2
1-5 BCBAA 6-10 DCBAB
11-15 ACABC 16-20 DDDBA
U3
1-5 DCBCB 6-10 CCBBA
11-15 ABDBC 16-20 CBAAD
U4
1-5 CBCCB 6-10 AACAA
11-15 AABBD 16-20 DAAAA
U5
1-5 CABCC 6-10 ABAAC
11-15 ADCCA 16-20 CCADD