PNAS: 温暖的夜晚扰乱了田间水稻穗的转录组节律

在水稻中，夜间温度的小幅升高会降低产量和品质。人们对温暖的夜间温度(WNT)如何产生这些有害影响还没有很好地了解，特别是在典型的昼夜温度波动超过夜间温度温和升高的野外条件下。我们观察到在2 ~ 3°C WNT条件下，大田水稻穗在生殖阶段基因表达时间的全基因组中断。先前被确定为24小时节律性表达的转录本和昼夜节律调节的转录本对WNT比非节律性转录本更敏感。转录水平的全系统扰动表明WNT扰乱了内部分子事件和环境之间的紧密时间协调，导致生产力下降。我们发现了一些转录调控因子，它们的预测靶点对WNT的敏感性较高。通过我们的网络分析确定的受影响的转录本和候选调控因子解释了驱动对WNT敏感性的分子机制，并确定了可以靶向增强对WNT耐受性的候选调控因子。

WNT现场样品的实验设置及对农艺性能的影响

In rice, a small increase in nighttime temperature reduces grain yield and quality. How warm nighttime temperatures (WNT) produce these detrimental effects is not well understood, especially in field conditions where the typical day-to-night temperature fluctuation exceeds the mild increase in nighttime temperature. We observed genome-wide disruption of gene expression timing during the reproductive phase in field-grown rice panicles acclimated to 2 to 3 °C WNT. Transcripts previously identified as rhythmically expressed with a 24-h period and circadian-regulated transcripts were more sensitive to WNT than were nonrhythmic transcripts. The system-wide perturbations in transcript levels suggest that WNT disrupt the tight temporal coordination between internal molecular events and the environment, resulting in reduced productivity. We identified transcriptional regulators whose predicted targets are enriched for sensitivity to WNT. The affected transcripts and candidate regulators identified through our network analysis explain molecular mechanisms driving sensitivity to WNT and identify candidates that can be targeted to enhance tolerance to WNT.

https://www.pnas.org/content/118/25/e2025899118/tab-figures-data

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