【Psychology Today】亲密关系的基石：信任（Bedrock of a Romantic...
《今日心理学》杂志(Psychology Today)是一本专门致力于每个人正视自己，研究自己心理的杂志，这里聚集了众多著名的心理学家、学者、精神病学家和作家等专业领域人士，对我们正在发生的事情进行分析和寻找解决办法。
【英文原文作者】：Jeremy Nicholson M.S.W., Ph.D.
【文章大意】
这篇文章首先介绍了亲密关系中信任的重要性，然后分析了影响信任感的主要因素，主要有两方面的原因，最后作者提出建立发展信任感的四个步骤，本文的作者是心理学Ph.D，这是一篇发表在专业杂志上的文章，其提出的建议也非常具有实用性。
【选篇理由】
第一，这篇文章由专业人士撰写，逻辑清晰，用词准确，非常具有可借鉴性。
第二，亲密关系这个话题是我们步入成年后必须学习的一课，也是许多成年人自愈童年受到的不理解甚至创伤的关键一步。
希望，后来，我们都学会了如何去爱。
【文章正文】
It can be difficult to trust a romantic partner. At times, it is a challenge to get over dating anxiety and fear of rejection to even connect with someone. After all, dating and relationships can sometimes be a punishing experience. Beyond that, in longer-term relationships, dealing with commitment issues and navigating through disagreements can be problematic as well.
第一段讲了人们对亲密关系的各种担忧。
Despite the difficulties in establishing trust, however, it is an essential aspect of happy and satisfying relationships—especially long-term and committed ones. Trust helps to ensure there is a positive feeling of rapport and connection between partners. Trust also impacts the level of fairness and equity in a relationship.
第二段说明信任对于健康和长期的亲密关系至关重要。
【单词讲解】
rapport
N-SING If two people or groups have a rapport, they have a good relationship in which they are able to understand each other's ideas or feelings very well. 融洽
·The success depends on good rapport between interviewer and interviewee.成功取决于采访者和被采访者之间的融洽。
Given that, trust is an important aspect to consider in a romantic relationship. Nevertheless, it can be challenging to figure out whether you can trust your date, partner, or spouse. It can also be unclear how to build trust with them. Fortunately, research has answers.
第三段承上启下，建立信任不容易，但是相关研究指明了方向。
【单词讲解】
Given
含义：[ prep ] when you consider sth 考虑到；鉴于
·Given his age, (= considering how old he is) he's remarkably active. 考虑到他的年龄，他已是相当活跃的了。
·Given her interest in children, teaching seems the right job for her. 考虑到她喜欢孩子，教书看来是很适合她的工作。
常见用法：given that [conj]
·It was surprising the government was re-elected, given that they had raised taxes so much. 令人惊奇的是政府把税收提高这么多仍再次当选了
Research on Trust in Relationships
In my searching, I found a recent article by Campbell and Stanton (2019) summarizing the research and theory on trust in romantic relationships. In that article, the authors break down the explanations for how and why someone may trust a romantic partner into two main components. The first component, known as attachment theory, helps to explain why an individual may trust (or not trust) romantic partners in general. The second component, which they label Dyadic Trust, explores reasons why an individual may trust a specific relationship partner — particularly with regard to how that romantic partner treats them. Therefore, how a person trusts in general, combined with the level of trustworthiness of a specific partner's behaviors, interact to establish the overall level of trust in a romantic relationship.
这四段引出了Campbell and Stanton的一篇文章中的关于“how and why someone may trust a romantic”（为何以及如何信任别人）的两种理论：依恋理论和二分理论。并得出结论：一个人的信任方式（依恋模式）和另一个特定对象通过行为表现出来的可信程度，两者相互作用，建立了一段亲密关系中的信任水平。
【单词讲解】
1. label
V-T If you say that someone or something is labelled as a particular thing, you mean that people generally describe them that way and you think that this is unfair. 把…称为
· It won't be labelled in any way as a military expedition.
它无论如何也称不上是一次军事远征。
· It does not matter whether these duties are labelled 'duties' or 'tasks'.
这些义务被称作“义务”还是“任务”都无关紧要。
2. dyadic /daɪˈædɪk/ adj.
of or relating to a dyad 并向量的，二价的；双值的；二数的
派生词：dyad
1.( technical 术语 ) something that consists of two parts 二分体；二联体
·the mother-child dyad 母子二分体
2.( mathematics 数 )an operator that is the unspecified product of two vectors. It can operate on a vector to produce either a scalar or vector product 并向量；并矢；并向矢量
【难句讲解】
The authors break down the explanations for how and why someone may trust a romantic partner into two main components.
本句主干：the authors break down the explanations into two main components.（作者把解释分成了两个部分。）
explanations后的for ... 是后置定语，解释explanation的具体内容。
how and why someone may trust a romantic partner是名词性从句，即起到一个名词的作用。
【背景扩展】
依恋模式
Describing the basics of Attachment Theory, Campbell and Stanton explain the idea that experiences in significant relationships throughout life help to shape a person's expectations about future relationships. As a result, if past relationships have been good, then the individual will likely be able to build trust in the future (called secure attachment).（安全型依恋）If past relationships with parents or significant others have gone poorly, however, then an individual may have negative expectations for future relationships. This can lead to difficulty trusting romantic partners, and they may experience:
Attachment Avoidance.（依恋回避）They do not feel comfortable relying on their partner or having their partner rely on them.
Attachment Anxiety. （依恋焦虑）where They worry about being abandoned by their partner or rejected by them.
第五段说明了过去的恋爱经历会影响一个人对别人的信任程度，如果过去的恋爱经历非常糟糕，那么这个人之后就很难再相信别人了，并引出两种这类人群可能经历的心态：依恋回避和依恋焦虑。
These personal expectations, brought about by past experiences, are then added to how the current romantic partner is actually treating the individual. Here Campbell and Stanton explain that trust is developed over time as a couple interacts. When a partner chooses to be helpful and maintain the relationship, trust develops. Nevertheless, when they make selfish choices, which are detrimental to the relationship, then trust is weakened.
第六段简要介绍了信任建立的方式：同伴做出有帮助的维系关系的行为。
Simpson (2007) offers the following four points regarding the development of trust in romantic relationships:
第七段开始介绍建立信任的四个要点。
Individuals evaluate their ability to trust a partner by observing how that partner behaves toward them and the relationship. Trust is increased, over time, by situations when a partner sacrifices against their own self-interest and supports the relationship instead.
Situations where a partner must choose between what is best for them alone and what is best for the relationship (called Trust-Diagnostic Situations) often occur naturally as a relationship progresses. Nevertheless, from time to time, individuals may choose to create such situations as well, in order to purposefully test their romantic partner (especially when they are unsure about trusting that partner).
【单词讲解】
nevertheless [ADV] You use nevertheless when saying something that contrasts with what has just been said. 然而 SYN：nonetheless
·Although the market has been flat, residential property costs remain high. Nevertheless, the fall-off in demand has had an impact on resale values. 尽管市场一直疲软，房价持续偏高。然而需求的减少还是对二手房价格产生了影响。