德鲁克管理思想特征分析

摘要：在当代社会的高速运行发展中，关于管理学的研究论述却从未停下脚步。管理学是目前各大高校重点关注的学科，它是现今界定企业的使命，并且朝着企业管理的方向不断激励和组织人力资源去实现祖国使命。彼得·德鲁克是现代管理学的奠基人，也同样是被誉为管理学鼻祖的大师。他的理论划分政界、商界，非政府、非盈利组织的人士都在学习。在将近一百年的发展演说中，他都在传递一个核心的关键主题：一个好的管理是如何将团伙变成团队。本文将对德鲁克管理思想进行深度剖析，挖掘管理学中核心思想特征，找寻现代发展中管理思想的重点。

Abstract: in the rapid development of contemporary society, the research on management has never stopped. Management is an important subject in Colleges and universities at present. It defines the mission of enterprises and motivates and organizes human resources to realize the mission of the motherland in the direction of enterprise management. Peter Drucker is the founder of modern management, also known as the originator of management. His theory is divided into politics, business, non-governmental and non-profit organizations. In nearly a hundred years of development speeches, he has delivered a key theme at the core: how a good management can turn a gang into a team. This paper will make a deep analysis of Drucker's management thought, excavate the characteristics of the core thought in management science, and find the key point of management thought in modern development.

关键词：管理学、学习、目标、团队、

Key words: management, learning, goal, team

1358理念的提出，是目前社会各大企业管理比较主流的思想。主要就是管理的一个定义，管理的三大任务，管理者的五项工作和企业需要设定目标的八大领域。

The idea of 1358 is the mainstream of the management of the major enterprises in the society. It is mainly a definition of management, three tasks of management, five tasks of managers and eight areas where enterprises need to set goals.

一、 承诺实现真知，有舍才能有得

I. promise to realize true knowledge, and you can get it only if you give up

在《德鲁克管理思想》一书中，开篇就提到对贡献的承诺，同样是对有效性的承诺。关于企业者承诺的论述，似乎古往今来都是比较核心的论述。当初曹操许下的望梅止渴，引诱了无数军人的长途跋涉;近代无数政治上台者，演讲煽动一批普通人追随。这种许下承诺的管理方式，真的是好的管理方式吗?

In the book of Drucker's management thought, the first chapter refers to the commitment to contribution, as well as the commitment to effectiveness. The discussion on the commitment of the enterprise seems to be the core one all the time. At the beginning, Cao Cao's promise to quench his thirst at the plum blossom attracted countless soldiers to travel long distances; in modern times, countless political leaders made speeches to incite a group of ordinary people to follow. Is this kind of management that promises really a good one?

显然不是，在这一章中德鲁克说过：未予先求得，无异自断生路。现代社会的高速发展有一个很大的特点，那就是全社会都没有傻子。望梅止渴这种低级的引诱方式已经无法煽动人了，比起你画的大饼和承诺，我更希望你能够给我看出切实可行的方案。在企业之中，永远离不开“梦想”两个字，无论是老板和员工都会把这两个字挂在嘴上。但近些年有一句毒鸡汤却彻底粉碎这种观念：好的老板都是和你谈钱的，不是和你谈理想。

Obviously not. In this chapter, Drucker said: if we don't get it first, we will make a difference. The rapid development of modern society has a great feature, that is, there is no fool in the whole society. This kind of low-level seduction can't incite people any more. I hope you can show me a practical plan better than your big cake and promise. In an enterprise, the word 'dream' can never be separated. Both the boss and the employees will talk about it. But in recent years, a poison chicken soup has completely shattered the idea that good bosses talk about money, not ideals.

现实主义者其实并没有想的那么可怕，反倒是现实更能够激发普通人前行的动力。作为管理人员来说，当你想从员工身上获得什么时，一定先想明白自己能够给予他们什么。画饼充饥可能在以前是一个不错的激励手段，但是在信息爆炸的现在它的实施可能性接近于零。

Realists are not so terrible as they think. On the contrary, reality can motivate ordinary people to move forward. As a manager, when you want to get something from your employees, you must first think about what you can give them. It may have been a good incentive before, but it is close to zero in the information explosion.

二、 砍掉细枝末节，找寻时间真知

2. Cut off the details and find the true knowledge of time

在广告界有一个无限加班论，简单来说就是做广告的人几乎每分每秒都在加班。一个方案的提出能够出现无数建议，一个灵感的迸发必定伴随着无数的打压，等到了时间临近的时候，真正用上的还是之前被吐槽千百遍的东西。就好像一整个过程里，所有人的努力都是想证明说大家真大努力了。但是对于这种努力，德鲁克用了一句话来诠释：把正确的事情做好，把不必要的工作砍掉能够节省很多时间。

There is a theory of infinite overtime in the advertising industry, which is simply that advertisers work overtime almost every minute and every second. A proposal can come up with numerous suggestions. A burst of inspiration must be accompanied by numerous crackdowns. Until the time is approaching, what is really used is something that has been tucking out hundreds of times before. It's like in the whole process, everyone's efforts are to prove that everyone has made great efforts. But for this kind of effort, Drucker used a sentence to explain: it can save a lot of time to do the right thing well and cut off unnecessary work.

鸡汤和真话的区别在于，鸡汤只会高速你说要努力追求梦想，而真话会高速你说人生很可能是付出努力也一无所获。虽然前者听起来更能够激励自己，但是它确实没有实用性。就好像上文的例子一样，如果所有的努力都是为了做无用功到话，那不如不做。真正的努力应该是恰到好处的努力，时间要花在可靠的地方，不值得去努力的事情不要做。如何利用好二八原则才是当前这个时代我们应该做的，别把时间浪费在空洞的会议讲话上。

The difference between chicken soup and truth lies in that chicken soup will only speed up your efforts to pursue your dreams, while truth will speed up your efforts to say that life is likely to pay for nothing. Although the former sounds more motivating, it is not practical. As in the example above, if all the efforts are to do useless work, it is better not to do it. The real effort should be just the right effort. Time should be spent in a reliable place. Don't do things that are not worth the effort. How to make good use of the 28 principles is what we should do in this era. Don't waste time on empty conference speeches.

三、 创新引领进步，技术创造卓越

III. innovation leads progress and technology creates excellence

很多企业在发展中都会有一个悖论，那就是盲目前行，不考虑外界因素。自从十九大会议召开以来，很多体制都会宣扬创新这个理念，核心原因还是因为它具有一定的可行性，新的技术越来越呈现出扩展管理领域的趋势，作为社会的一员，企业的员工来说一定要认清自己的长板及短板。

There is a paradox in the development of many enterprises, that is to move forward blindly without considering external factors. Since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, many systems have promoted the concept of innovation. The core reason is that it has certain feasibility. New technologies are increasingly showing the trend of expanding the management field. As a member of the society, employees of enterprises must recognize their own long board and short board.

真正好的企业都有着自己的正确的价值观，这并不是一种虚假共识，而是一种对未来发展的未雨绸缪。正确的价值观能够引领企业发展，更能够创造内部员工的凝聚力。在当前的发展中，企业最应该做的应当是明确发展的核心要素，找寻最必要的科研技术，努力让企业成长起来，挖掘企业自身的内部潜力，认清未来发展的大趋势。

Real good enterprises have their own correct values, which is not a false consensus, but a kind of preparation for future development. Correct values can lead the development of the enterprise and create the cohesion of the internal staff. In the current development, what enterprises should do is to define the core elements of development, find the most necessary scientific research technology, strive to make enterprises grow up, tap their own internal potential, and recognize the general trend of future development.

寻找企业的发展目标实质上是在寻找一种无需进行判断的魔术共识，只有找寻到创新发展的根源，找寻到未来尽可能占据优势的发展方式，才能够获得相对意识上的平衡，获得一定范畴的成功。

Looking for the development goal of an enterprise is essentially looking for a magic consensus that does not need to be judged. Only by finding the root of innovation and development, and finding the development mode that will occupy the advantage as much as possible in the future, can we achieve the balance of relative consciousness and success in a certain range.