三星堆明日“开新课”，让我们复习一下上节课的知识点

1929年的一个春天，四川农民燕道诚和儿子燕青宝在宅旁掏水沟时意外发现了一件精美的玉石器。当时的人们并不知道，他们就这样闯入了一个神秘又灿烂的文明。

四川省 广汉市 南兴镇的北边，鸭子河的南岸，有三个起伏相连的黄土堆，这里是古蜀先民生息繁衍之地—— 三星堆 。

三千多年前古蜀国或建都邑于此，时光在三星堆沉淀下无数珍宝。1986年，我国在三星堆祭祀坑进行了第一次集中的考古工作，在这一年，三星堆的一号、二号祭祀坑被发现， 上千件 精美的玉器、金器、陶器、 青铜器 等国宝级文物的面纱被揭开。其中三星堆出土的青铜器工艺巧妙，造型奇异，达到了当时模铸技术的最高水平。

Situated in the northeast of the state-protected Sanxingdui Site by the Yazi River bank in Guanghan – a city famed for its long history and splendid culture, Sanxingdui Museum is a modern theme museum which is 40 kilometers to the north of Chengdu.

The cultural relics at Sanxingdui are the precious cultural heritage of mankind, which contain a rich historical, cultural, and scientific value. The pottery, jade, and bronze wares unearthed from Sanxingdui also reflect the exquisite manufacturing and smelting techniques of the people in the ancient Kingdom of Shu. Among them, the bronze wares unearthed from Sanxingdui are complicated in craftsmanship and exquisite in shape, reaching the highest level of mold casting technology at that time.

34年后，2020年9月6日，三星堆遗址祭祀区考古宣布重启发掘。2021年3月20日，国家文物局将举行“考古中国”重要项目重要进展会议，更多考古发现将在未来几天面世。

在此之前，先来复习一下曾经的知识点，为学习“新知识”打个基础吧！

青铜神树 CGTN

CGTN

Among the findings, the huge bronze heavenly tree is no doubt one of the most colossal and enigmatic. It took eight years to reassemble the now 3.96-meter-tall bronze tree, which is displayed at Sanxingdui Museum in Sichuan Province, southwestern China. Experts say that the tree should be even higher as its treetop is still missing.

It has a main body and base. It resembles a great tree, rising from the top of a three-sided mountain. At three levels on the trunk, three branches emerge, each bearing three pieces of fruit. Nine of these fruit point upward, each with a bird standing on it. Experts believe it reflects the ancient Shu people's worship of the solar deity.

青铜大立人像 CGTN

Among the numerous bronze statues in Sanxingdui, the 'highest' ruler is this giant standing bronze figure, which is 260.8 centimeters high. It is one of the bronze wares unearthed from the No. 2 sacrificial pits of the Sanxingdui archaeological site.

Among China's ancient bronze figure statues, one unearthed in the archaeological site of Sanxingdui is the largest and the oldest of its kind that has been found so far. Gorgeously dressed, this tall, elongated figure stands barefoot on top of a pedestal in the shape of an elephant head. The figure appears to be holding something in its two hands, like a shaman performing a religious ceremony.

Who is this mysterious and wired man? Through its upright figure and exquisite clothing, there is no doubt that he is a big shot. There are mainly two versions of his identity. Some experts believe that he was a wizard, while others think that he was an acclaimed king. But no matter who he was, the statue was certainly used as a ritual object.

青铜神坛 CGTN

The replica of the altar was made from over 100 bronze pieces discovered in No. 2 sacrificial pits of the Sanxingdui archaeological site. It was severely crushed and burned intentionally when buried in the earth.

It took archaeologists two years to make a replica of the altar based on their research. It is composed of three parts: the round animal-shaped base, the standing men with a crooked stick in hand, and the mountain-shaped top carved with a bird's statue with a human head. Experts say that the three-part structure reflects the ancient Shu people's understanding of the three layers of the world: the beast at the bottom represents the land, the man in the middle represents the world, while the bird at the top represents heaven.

对于三星堆的研究，已经持续了几十年，却仍旧有大量未解的谜题。即将公布的新发现是能回答现存的疑问还是抛出更多问题，也未有定数。

但可以确定的是， 曾沉睡三千余年的三星堆，一旦“发声”将响彻寰宇 。