浪漫的光色，迷人的自然风光~德裔美国画家阿尔伯特·比尔施塔特风景油画欣赏 / 四六文摘

Albert Bierstadt

阿尔伯特·比尔施塔特

德裔美国画家, (1830-1902)

阿尔伯特·比尔施塔特（Albert Bierstadt，1830-1902年），德裔美国画家，哈德逊河画派。最具精力的、勤勉的十九世纪美国的美术工作者，十九世纪在美国享有盛誉的著名风景画家。他以浪漫的光色展示美国西部大场景，最著名的作品是落基山脉全景式风景。

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他以写实的手法逼真地描绘了拓荒时期美国西部，从落基山脉到太平洋海岸边的加利福尼亚宏伟美丽的自然风光。他的作品大多以宽2两米、长3米左右的巨大画幅营造剧场式全景画面效果，充分体现美国西部的雄奇与壮丽。

1830年出生于德国巴伐利亚的杜塞尔多夫，随其父母于1832 移居到美国马萨诸塞的新贝德福德。在20几岁时，他在德国杜塞尔多夫和罗马学习艺术。1857回到美国，足迹遍及美国北方各地，参与了横跨西部大平原的调查探险活动。他从旅行中接触的大自然运用来写生和油画，发展出那种详细全景的作品，于1860及70年代，大多数的美国人非常钦佩于此位画家，其名望达至顶鼎。

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他的风景是很浪漫的，用旅行的观感来夸张作品中的地形和气象，实地旅行的感觉在他的作品中占有很强的地位。

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阿尔伯特·比尔施塔特被大自然广袤和多变所感动。他试图将微小细节都描绘进他的巨幅油画中去。这就迫使观赏者像在全景中一样一节一节的移动。阿尔伯特·比尔施塔特的作品包括《俄勒冈之路》、《约塞米蒂山谷》及《哈德逊河探索》。

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在他的一生进行了六次到美国西部不同地区的旅行，这些旅行所收集的素材为他的创作提供了丰富的营养，也为他的成功奠定了坚实的基础。通过对细节的关注和光的召唤，和谐汇集了精神和自然世界。Bierstadt确立了自己作为业界权威的画家的技术和天赋都传达西方风景画的强大视觉冲击力，捕捉到开放空间的庞大规模。

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