引出原因，常见句型
在英语写作中，有些学生提到多个原因，只会用“There are three reasons for this. First,...Second,....Third,...”看着都别扭，今天“高斋外刊双语精读”就给大家分享几个经济学人中引出多个原因的常见句型。
01
提问+One reason is that ... Another is sth/that+句子
你是愿意大城市一张床，还是小城市一座房？
如果英语作文让你写回老家好还是在北上广打拼好，就可以这样写：
Why would some postgraduates like to return to their hometown for a job and start a family there? One reason is that in big cities, they find it hard to even buy a home in order to settle down. Another is that they are quite competitive and can live a better life in the second-tier cities located nearby their hometown.
经济学人介绍世界上大量人口面临缺水问题时，也使用这种句型说明原因的：
Why do researchers from MIT predict that by the middle of the century, more than half of humanity will live in water-stressed areas? One reason is that as the world’s population grows larger and richer, it uses more water. Another is climate change, which accelerates hydrologic cycles, making wet places wetter and dry places drier.
一个原因是随着世界人口增长，人口越来越富裕，它需要更多的水。另一个原因是气候变化，它加速了水文循环，使潮湿的地方更加潮湿，干燥的地方更干燥。
02
It is back in fashion for several reasons. +具体原因说明+There are other factors, too. +具体原因说明
这个可以表示再次流行有多种原因。很明显，把多个原因拆分说了，先说It is back in fashion for several reasons，再说There are other factors, too，而不是一次性说there are several reasons for this.
比如今年许多企业以ipo的方式融资，经济学人上是这么说明其原因的：
It is back in fashion for several reasons. Some firms need to repair the damage from the pandemic. The tech boom means unicorns can go public at sky-high valuations. There are other factors, too. More Chinese firms are coming of age.
它再次流行有几个原因。一些公司需要补救新冠大流行造成的损害。科技繁荣意味着独角兽企业可以以极高的估值上市。还有其他因素。越来越多的中国企业正走向成熟。
其中，back in fashion也可以说back in vogue ，比如我们如果要写禁酒令因为疫情再次流行，就可以说Drinking bans are back in fashion during the Covid pandemic. 或者说Temporary drinking restrictions are back in vogue worldwide, thanks to coronavirus.
03
Sth is due in part to A. It is also thanks to B.
Sth is in part because ... It is also because ...
近年来，公务员报考人数激增，如果让你写这一现象产生的原因，可以借鉴经济学人上这两句：
This increase is due in part to a surge in the number of university students entering an intensely competitive market for jobs. It is also thanks to health, pension and housing benefits.
这一增长的部分原因是大学生求职人数激增，就业市场竞争激烈。医疗、养老保险以及住房福利的吸引也是一大原因。
Sth is due in part to A. It is also thanks to B.中我们看到A和B是名词短语，如果要跟句子，就得使用because，即Sth is in part because ... It is also because ...
比如经济学人上有一篇是介绍能源市场的，讲到2020年全球原油市场需求不明，opec在是否延长减产问题上争论不休，是这样引出原因的：
Any changes to production will be decided in monthly meetings. That is in part because it is difficult to predict oil’s recovery. It is also because the new year may mark the beginning of a new strategy.
生产方面的变化都将在月度会议上决定，部分原因是石油的复苏情况难以预测，还因为新年可能标志着新战略的开始。
在高斋外刊精读翻译班第9篇外刊附带写作句型中还讲过一个句型，是the combination of A and/with B explains ...这个也可以引出多个原因，表示几大因素共同作用造成某种结果。
比如，青少年近视问题已经成为我国面临的重要社会问题。如果让你写青少年近视高发的原因，你可以借鉴经济学人上的句子：
The prevalence of myopia among Chinese schoolchildren is alarming. The combination of an exam-crazed culture with the rapid spread of smartphones and computer-game technology explains much of China’s problem.
中国小学生的近视高发令人担忧。疯狂的考试文化，加上智能手机和电脑游戏技术的迅速普及，是中国近视高发的主要原因。