all 是一个常见且用法丰富的单词,它是英语学习的必学单词,同它也是英语各阶段考试的重点,学会它的重要性不言而喻。 一、all 作限定词1、后面可以接可数名词或不可数名词,置于冠词、所有格、指示词和数字之前,例如:All my friends are away at university.我所有的朋友都在外地上大学。All tickets cost 25 pounds.所有的票都要25英镑。All information about the new product is confidential.有关新产品的所有信息都是保密的。
article
possessive
demonstrative
number
All
the
trees had died.
All
my
family were at the party.
All
this
food must be eaten today.
All
25
students took the test.
2、当 all 指的是一类人或事物时,不使用定冠词,例如:All children love stories.所有的孩子都喜欢故事。3、当 all 用于时间表达式 all day, all night, week, all year, all summer 等时,中间不用定冠词,例如:I spent all day looking for my car keys.我花了一整天找我的车钥匙。The party went on all night and some of the neighbours complained.晚会开了一整夜,一些邻居在抱怨。二、all 后面加 of1、all of 置于人称代词之前,且人称代词要用宾格,例如:I need to speak to all of you for a few minutes.我要和你们大家谈几分钟。He brought gifts for all of us.他给我们大家带来了礼物。We had to contact the insurance firm and the airline, all of which took a lot of time.我们不得不联系保险公司和航空公司,所有这些都花了很多时间。2、all of 置于指示代词之前(this, that, these, those),其中的 of 可以省略,例如:All (of) this has to go out into the rubbish bin.所有这些都得扔进垃圾桶。3、all of 置于确定的名词短语之前,其中的 of 不是强制使用的,例如:All (of) the workers were given a pay-rise at the end of the year.年底所有的工人都加薪了。I gave all (of) my old books to my sister when she went to university.我姐姐上大学时,我把所有的旧书都给了她。What shall we do with all (of) this cardboard? Throw it out?我们用这些纸板做什么?把它扔出去?三、all 后面不加 of1、当 all 置于不确定的名词之前指的是一类人或事物时,后面不加 of,例如:All cats love milk.猫都喜欢牛奶。This book was written for all children, everywhere.这本书是为所有的孩子写的,到处都是。2、当 all 置于不可数名词之前时,后面不加 of,例如:All junk food is bad for you.所有的垃圾食品都对你有害。I love all music, not just classical.我喜欢所有的音乐,不仅仅是古典音乐。四、all 与人称代词1、当 all 指的是作为从句宾语的人称代词时,我们可以使用代词 + all 或 all of + 代词,例如:我以前有三支钢笔,但都丢了。I used to have three pens but I’ve lost them all.I used to have three pens but I’ve lost all of them.但是,在简短的回答中,必须使用 all of,例如:A: How many of these boxes are you going to need?你需要多少个这样的盒子?B: All of them.全部。2、我们使用 all of 与代词的宾格形式连用,即使该代词是从句中的主语,例如:All of us are hoping for good news.我们都希望有好消息。A long line of people waited to speak to the officer. All of them had a story to tell.一长串人等着和警官说话。他们都有故事要讲。五、all 用作代词1、在正式场合中,all 可以单独用作代词,例如:All were happy with the outcome.所有人对结果都很满意。All will be revealed to the public in 25 years’ time, when the cabinet papers are released.所有这些都将在25年后,即内阁文件公布后向公众公布。通常,作为代词的 all 是被前置修饰或后置修饰的,例如:More than 100 people came to the refugee centre. Almost all had lost family members or property or both.100多人来到难民中心。几乎所有人都失去了家庭成员或财产,或两者兼而有之。All that we had been told turned out to be untrue.我们被告知的一切都是假的。六、all 作副词1、当 all 用来谈及主语时,用作副词出现在中间位置,也即在主语与动词之间,或在情态动词、第一助动词或 be 动词之后,例如:The kids all go to school on the same bus.孩子们都坐同一辆公共汽车上学。These items could all have been bought cheaper on the Internet.这些商品本可以在网上买到更便宜的。The students are all here now. We can start.学生们现在都到了。我们可以开始了。2、all 译为“完全地,极其,非常”等时,相当于 completely 或 extremely,特别用于非正式的写法,例如:He lived all alone in an old cottage in the woods.他独自一人住在树林里的一间旧农舍里。He came back all covered in mud.他回来时浑身是泥。I lost a good friend, and all because of my stupidity.我失去了一个好朋友,全是因为我的愚蠢。Maggie got all upset when she found out the house had been sold.玛吉发现房子卖了,心里很不安。解析:此句的 all 是非正式的用法。 七、在 all 前面加 not 使其变为否定式,例如:Not all the buses go to the main bus station, so be careful which one you get.不是所有的公共汽车都去汽车总站,所以坐哪一辆要注意。We weren’t all happy with the result.我们对结果并不都满意。八、after all1、译为“终究,毕竟”等,指期待某事的发生,结果发生的却是相反的事,一般放在句末,例如:I think I might have something to eat now after all.我想我现在可能有东西吃了。She thought she would fail her driving test but she passed after all.她以为她的驾驶考试会不及格,但她终究还是通过了。2、译为“别忘记了…”,常常表示为了说明某个好理由或者某个重要的辩论而提醒某人看起来忘记的事,一般放在句首,例如:Why don’t you invite Nadia? After all, you do work with her every day.你为什么不邀请娜迪亚?别忘记了,你每天都和她一起工作。