.net core3.1 abp动态菜单和动态权限(思路) (二)
ps:本文需要先把abp的源码下载一份来下,跟着一起找实现,更容易懂
在abp中,对于权限和菜单使用静态来管理,菜单的加载是在登陆页面的地方(具体是怎么知道的,浏览器按F12,然后去sources中去找)
这个/AbpScripts/GetScripts是获取需要初始化的script,源自AbpScriptsController,GetScripts方法包括
页面加载时的链接是:http://localhost:62114/AbpScripts/GetScripts?v=637274153555501055 _multiTenancyScriptManager //当前租户初始化 对应报文的 abp.multiTenancy _sessionScriptManager //当前session初始化 对应报文的 abp.session
_localizationScriptManager //本地化的初始化 对应报文的 abp.localization
_featuresScriptManager //对应报文的 abp.features
_authorizationScriptManager //权限初始化 对应报文的 abp.auth
_navigationScriptManager //导航菜单初始化 对应报文的 abp.nav
_settingScriptManager //设置初始化 对应报文的 abp.setting
_timingScriptManager //对应报文的 abp.clock
_customConfigScriptManager //对应报文的 abp.custom
好了,现在基本算是找到菜单和权限js获取的地方了,一般系统里面,权限是依赖于菜单和菜单按钮的,所以我们先不管权限,先把菜单做成动态加载的
从await _navigationScriptManager.GetScriptAsync()开始,一路F12,大概流程是
(接口)INavigationScriptManager=>(接口实现)NavigationScriptManager=>(方法)GetScriptAsync=>(调用)await _userNavigationManager.GetMenusAsync=>
(接口)IUserNavigationManager=>(接口实现)UserNavigationManager=>(方法)GetMenuAsync=>(调用)navigationManager.Menus=>
(接口)INavigationManager=>(接口实现)NavigationManager=>(非静态构造函数为Menus属性赋值)NavigationManager
到这里之后基本就到底了,我们看看NavigationManager的内容
internal class NavigationManager : INavigationManager, ISingletonDependency { public IDictionary<string, MenuDefinition> Menus { get; private set; } //属性 public MenuDefinition MainMenu //属性 { get { return Menus["MainMenu"]; } } private readonly IIocResolver _iocResolver; private readonly INavigationConfiguration _configuration; public NavigationManager(IIocResolver iocResolver, INavigationConfiguration configuration) //非静态构造函数 { _iocResolver = iocResolver; _configuration = configuration; Menus = new Dictionary<string, MenuDefinition> { {"MainMenu", new MenuDefinition("MainMenu", new LocalizableString("MainMenu", AbpConsts.LocalizationSourceName))} }; } public void Initialize() //初始化方法 { var context = new NavigationProviderContext(this); foreach (var providerType in _configuration.Providers) { using (var provider = _iocResolver.ResolveAsDisposable<NavigationProvider>(providerType)) { provider.Object.SetNavigation(context); //中式英语翻译一下,应该是设置导航 } } } }
这个类里面就只有属性、需要注入的接口声明、非静态构造函数、初始化方法,我们到这里需要关注的是Menus这个属性,这个属性似乎将会包含我们需要生成的菜单内容
Menus = new Dictionary<string, MenuDefinition> { {"MainMenu", new MenuDefinition("MainMenu", new LocalizableString("MainMenu", AbpConsts.LocalizationSourceName))} };
这里是对Menus的赋值,实例化了一个Dictionary,前面的不用看,主要是看标红的这句话,从new LocalizableString("MainMenu", AbpConsts.LocalizationSourceName)里面获取到值
好了现在基本找到地方了,我们不知道LocalizableString是什么意思,但是我们可以百度一波
ILocalizableString/LocalizableString:封装需要被本地化的string的信息,并提供Localize方法(调用ILocalizationManager的GetString方法)返回本地化的string. SourceName指定其从那个本地化资源读取本地化文本。
LocalizableString("Questions", "") 如果本地找不到资源,会报300
大概的意思是通过new LocalizableString,我们可以在本地化来源为AbpConsts.LocalizationSourceName的string里面寻找到Key为MainMenu的value(理解不对请喷)
现在需要去找到那个地方对MainMenu进行了本地化操作,一般来说这个事情都是在程序加载的时候进行的,先对MainMenu进行读取,保存到本地,然后在_navigationScriptManager读取,传输给前台
似乎不好找了,但是我们发现有一个类型MenuDefinition,F12一下,可以发现宝藏
namespace Abp.Application.Navigation{ /// <summary> /// Represents a navigation menu for an application. //表示应用程序的导航菜单
/// </summary> public class MenuDefinition : IHasMenuItemDefinitions { /// <summary> /// Unique name of the menu in the application. Required. //应用程序中菜单的唯一名称。 必须 /// </summary> public string Name { get; private set; } /// <summary> /// Display name of the menu. Required. //菜单显示名称 必须
/// </summary> public ILocalizableString DisplayName { get; set; } /// <summary> /// Can be used to store a custom object related to this menu. Optional. //可用于存储与此菜单相关的自定义对象
/// </summary> public object CustomData { get; set; } /// <summary> /// Menu items (first level). //菜单项(第一级)
/// </summary> public List<MenuItemDefinition> Items { get; set; } /// <summary> /// Creates a new <see cref="MenuDefinition"/> object. /// </summary> /// <param name="name">Unique name of the menu</param> /// <param name="displayName">Display name of the menu</param> /// <param name="customData">Can be used to store a custom object related to this menu.</param> public MenuDefinition(string name, ILocalizableString displayName, object customData = null) { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(name)) { throw new ArgumentNullException("name", "Menu name can not be empty or null."); } if (displayName == null) { throw new ArgumentNullException("displayName", "Display name of the menu can not be null."); } Name = name; DisplayName = displayName; CustomData = customData; Items = new List<MenuItemDefinition>(); } /// <summary> /// Adds a <see cref="MenuItemDefinition"/> to <see cref="Items"/>. /// </summary> /// <param name="menuItem"><see cref="MenuItemDefinition"/> to be added</param> /// <returns>This <see cref="MenuDefinition"/> object</returns> public MenuDefinition AddItem(MenuItemDefinition menuItem) { Items.Add(menuItem); return this; } /// <summary> /// Remove menu item with given name /// </summary> /// <param name="name"></param> public void RemoveItem(string name) { Items.RemoveAll(m => m.Name == name); } }}
找到了菜单的类型了,那么我们去找保存的地方就好找了,我们其实可以根据AddItem这个方法去找,去查看哪个地方引用了
AddItem方法添加的是MenuItemDefinition类型的变量,那我们现在退出abp源码,去我们的AbpLearn项目中去全局搜索一下
看来是同一个AbpLearnNavigationProvider类里面,双击过去看一下
/// <summary> /// This class defines menus for the application. /// </summary> public class AbpLearnNavigationProvider : NavigationProvider { public override void SetNavigation(INavigationProviderContext context) { context.Manager.MainMenu .AddItem( new MenuItemDefinition( PageNames.Home, L("HomePage"), url: "", icon: "fas fa-home", requiresAuthentication: true ) ).AddItem( new MenuItemDefinition( PageNames.Tenants, L("Tenants"), url: "Tenants", icon: "fas fa-building", permissionDependency: new SimplePermissionDependency(PermissionNames.Pages_Tenants) ) ).AddItem( new MenuItemDefinition( PageNames.Users, L("Users"), url: "Users", icon: "fas fa-users", permissionDependency: new SimplePermissionDependency(PermissionNames.Pages_Users) ) ).AddItem( new MenuItemDefinition( PageNames.Roles, L("Roles"), url: "Roles", icon: "fas fa-theater-masks", permissionDependency: new SimplePermissionDependency(PermissionNames.Pages_Roles) ) ) .AddItem( new MenuItemDefinition( PageNames.About, L("About"), url: "About", icon: "fas fa-info-circle" ) ).AddItem( // Menu items below is just for demonstration! new MenuItemDefinition( "MultiLevelMenu", L("MultiLevelMenu"), icon: "fas fa-circle" ).AddItem( new MenuItemDefinition( "AspNetBoilerplate", new FixedLocalizableString("ASP.NET Boilerplate"), icon: "far fa-circle" ).AddItem( new MenuItemDefinition( "AspNetBoilerplateHome", new FixedLocalizableString("Home"), url: "https://aspnetboilerplate.com?ref=abptmpl", icon: "far fa-dot-circle" ) ).AddItem( new MenuItemDefinition( "AspNetBoilerplateTemplates", new FixedLocalizableString("Templates"), url: "https://aspnetboilerplate.com/Templates?ref=abptmpl", icon: "far fa-dot-circle" ) ).AddItem( new MenuItemDefinition( "AspNetBoilerplateSamples", new FixedLocalizableString("Samples"), url: "https://aspnetboilerplate.com/Samples?ref=abptmpl", icon: "far fa-dot-circle" ) ).AddItem( new MenuItemDefinition( "AspNetBoilerplateDocuments", new FixedLocalizableString("Documents"), url: "https://aspnetboilerplate.com/Pages/Documents?ref=abptmpl", icon: "far fa-dot-circle" ) ) ).AddItem( new MenuItemDefinition( "AspNetZero", new FixedLocalizableString("ASP.NET Zero"), icon: "far fa-circle" ).AddItem( new MenuItemDefinition( "AspNetZeroHome", new FixedLocalizableString("Home"), url: "https://aspnetzero.com?ref=abptmpl", icon: "far fa-dot-circle" ) ).AddItem( new MenuItemDefinition( "AspNetZeroFeatures", new FixedLocalizableString("Features"), url: "https://aspnetzero.com/Features?ref=abptmpl", icon: "far fa-dot-circle" ) ).AddItem( new MenuItemDefinition( "AspNetZeroPricing", new FixedLocalizableString("Pricing"), url: "https://aspnetzero.com/Pricing?ref=abptmpl#pricing", icon: "far fa-dot-circle" ) ).AddItem( new MenuItemDefinition( "AspNetZeroFaq", new FixedLocalizableString("Faq"), url: "https://aspnetzero.com/Faq?ref=abptmpl", icon: "far fa-dot-circle" ) ).AddItem( new MenuItemDefinition( "AspNetZeroDocuments", new FixedLocalizableString("Documents"), url: "https://aspnetzero.com/Documents?ref=abptmpl", icon: "far fa-dot-circle" ) ) ) ); } private static ILocalizableString L(string name) { return new LocalizableString(name, AbpLearnConsts.LocalizationSourceName); } }
好了,现在我们找到菜单定义的地方了,那么我们如何去做动态菜单哪?
首先我们想一下需要什么样的动态菜单?
1.从数据库加载,不从数据库加载怎么叫动态
2.可以根据不同Host(管理者)和Tenant(租户)加载不同的菜单,不可能管理者和租户看到的菜单全是一个样子的吧!
3.可以根据不同的角色或者用户加载不同的菜单(这个就牵扯到权限了,比如谁可以看到什么,不可以看到什么)
4.权限、按钮最好和菜单相绑定,这样便于控制
......
根据以上几点,我们可以确定
1.必须要在用户登录之后加载出来的菜单才能符合条件
2.菜单需要建一个表(因为abp默认没有单独的菜单表),来进行存放
3.字段需要包含:菜单名,菜单与权限对应的名称(用于动态权限),菜单对应的Url,Icon,级联父Id,是否启用,排序,租户Id
4.需要对菜单进行编辑时,因为牵扯到多租户,我们需要对多租户定义一个标准的菜单,在添加租户时,自动将标准菜单复制保存一份到新租户中,所以我们需要对于菜单的进行区分,一般来说Host对应的数据行TenantId(int)都为null,我们可以将标准菜单的TenantId标为-1,已经分配保存的菜单TenantId为当前租户Id,这样便于区分和查询
好了,让我们开始写动态菜单吧