新冠疫苗一定要打在胳膊上么?这些人可能更适合其它部位接种
▲在肌肉中的多种免疫细胞会帮助将疫苗成分运送到淋巴结中,激发免疫反应(图片来源:参考资料[8])
为什么打在胳膊上而不是其它地方?
▲腋窝下的淋巴结和注射疫苗的三角肌距离很近(图片来源:Henry Vandyke Carter, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons)
▲年龄较小的儿童可以选择大腿肌肉作为疫苗肌肉注射的位置(图片来源:参考资料[6])
哪些人可以考虑在其它部位接种?
正确的疫苗肌肉注射技术很重要
▲正确进行肌肉注射需要注意的问题(图片来源:参考资料[6])
参考资料:
[1] Do I Have to Get the Covid Vaccine in My Arm? April 29, 2021, from
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/29/well/live/covid-vaccine-thigh-lymphedema-breast-cancer.html?smid=tw-nytimes&smtyp=cur
[2] Why Are Vaccines Injected Into Our Arms? April 6, 2021, from https://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2021/04/06/why-are-vaccines-injected-into-our-arms/
[3] Why vaccines are injected in your upper arm muscle, and not in your veins. January 7, 2021, from
https://www.abc.net.au/news/science/2021-01-08/covid-19-vaccine-injection-upper-arm-muscle-deltoid-immune/13031918
[4] LOMBARD, M. et, al. (2007). A brief history of vaccines and vaccination. Revue Scientifique et Technique de l’OIE, 26(1), 29–48. https://doi.org/10.20506/rst.26.1.1724
[5] Seale, J. R. C. (2001). Importance of injecting vaccines into muscle. BMJ, 322(7282), 364. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.322.7282.364
[6] How to Administer Intramuscular and Subcutaneous Vaccine Injections to Adults. Retrieved June 6, 2021, from https://www.health.state.mn.us/people/immunize/hcp/admim.pdf
[7] Ng, J. Y. (2021). Inadvertent subcutaneous injection of COVID-19 vaccine. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 97(1148), 400. https://doi.org/10.1136/postgradmedj-2021-139870
[8] Lofano et al., (2021). Technological approaches to streamline vaccination schedules, progressing towards single-dose vaccines. NPJ Vaccines, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-020-00238-8