20180803长难句

＃长难句每日一句＃是一道配菜，建议你首先消化课程所讲内容之后，再每天来一个长难句来填满碎片时间。切不可不听，每天只练一个长难句，那就本末倒置了。

长难句的正确打开方式：先尝试自己分析，然后看下面的解析；如有任何问题（学习情感职场）可以直接分解提问

【昨日回顾】

Especially significant was his view of freedom, which, for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual:he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.

尤其重要的是他对自由的看法，他认为这和个人的权利和责任有关，他提倡思想自由和个人言论自由。

【今日长难句】

Beethoven's music tends to move from chaos to order as if order were an imperative of human existence. For him, order does not result from forgetting or ignoring the disorders that plague our existence; order is a necessary development, an improvement that may lead to the Greek ideal of spiritual elevation.

【首句结构解析】

1. 本句主干为Beethoven's music/ tends to/ move from chaos to order；其中tend to 为固定搭配，表“往往、倾向于”

2. 后半句为as if 引导的虚拟条件状语从句。表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时，be动词使用were.

【词的处理】

tend to 往往

chaos / ˈkeiɔs; NAmE ˈkeiɑ:s / n. 混乱，杂乱

imperative / imˈperətiv / n. 紧急，重要的事情

existence  / iɡˈzistəns / n. 存在，生活

【参考译文】

Beethoven's music tends to move from chaos to order as if order were an imperative of human existence.

贝多芬的音乐往往从混乱变得有序，好像秩序对人类的存在是极为重要的。

第二句：

【结构解析】

1. 本句是由分号连接的并列结构，前句主干为主谓宾结构，即order/ does not result from /forgetting or ignoring the disorders; 之后为that 引导的定语从句，可译为“的”结构。

2. 后半句主干为主系表结构，即：order is a necessary development；an improvement为a necessary development的同位语，之后为that 引导的定语从句，因为定语从句较长，可单独成句进行翻译。

【词的处理】

result from 起因于，由……造成

ignore / iɡˈnɔ:(r) / vt. 忽视

disorder / disˈɔ:də(r); NAmE -ˈɔ:rd- / n. 杂乱，混乱

plague / pleiɡ / vt. 折磨，困扰

lead to 导致

spiritual / ˈspiritʃuəl / adj. 精神的，心灵的

elevation / ˌeliˈveiʃn / n.[U] 提升，升华

【参考译文】

For him, order does not result from forgetting or ignoring the disorders that plague our existence; order is a necessary development, an improvement that may lead to the Greek ideal of spiritual elevation.

对于他而言，忘记或忽略那些困扰人类生存的混乱并不能换来秩序；秩序是一种必要的发展、一种改进，通过这种改进或许可以达到希腊人所追求的精神升华。

【明日长难句】

It is not by chance that the Funeral March（进行曲）is not the last movement（乐章） of the Eroica Symphony（英雄交响曲）, but the second, so that suffering does not have the last word.