后外侧胫骨平台骨折——手术入路的演变与思考
骨今中外
▲ 图2 Carlson入路示意图
(来源:Wiesel骨科学,实际操作时腓骨被肌肉阻挡,触摸方可确认位置)
骨今中外
骨今中外
骨今中外
后外侧窗处理后外侧壁并放置支撑钢板。 外侧窗相当于延展的前外侧入路,可以复位关节面骨块并提供排钉固定(rafting),如果同时存在前外侧骨折,也可以在该窗下处理。 两个手术窗可以进行“跨窗”操作,完成后外侧骨块的复位(图22)。
骨今中外
骨今中外
若经前外侧入路能够处理的后外侧平台骨折,可优先考虑前外侧入路,省时、省力、风险低; 合并后内侧平台骨折时,尤其是后内侧骨折+后外侧壁的破损,可优先选择后内侧入路,再根据外侧关节面的受累情况来决定:是否采用前外侧入路辅助复位和固定; 若后外侧壁完好或后外骨块的移位轻微,直接的后外侧显露与固定并非必须;在制定全面手术计划时,也可考虑延展的前外侧入路。 若要一个切口下同时处理外侧平台关节面和后外侧壁,则可考虑Frosch入路。
作者介绍: 宋李军 江苏省人民医院 主任医师,教授。江苏省人民医院骨科创伤病区行政副主任。1989年毕业于南京医科大学临床医学系。1995年南京医科大学在职研究生主干班毕业。2002年赴美国 Stanford大学医学中心留学一年。2005年获"2004年中华医学科技奖二等奖"。2008年赴美国 Washington大学医学中心访问。现任江苏省医学会创伤医学分会委员兼秘书,江苏省医师协会创伤医学分会委员兼秘书,江苏省体育科技学会运动医学分会委员,江苏省中西医结合学会骨伤科专业委员会委员。现任江苏省人民医院骨创伤专业行政副主任。
致谢
本文之成文承蒙Frosch, Hoekstra, Oh, 陈红卫,罗从风,王建伟,张世民,周大鹏等诸多专家的帮助和指导。于此深表谢意!
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