敦煌石窟全集:03.本生因缘故事画卷(上)
本生因缘故事画的盛衰
本生,梵语作Jataka,音译阁多伽。佛教认为,释迦在过去无数世, 与众生相同,也处于六道轮回之中。他之能成佛道,是因其在无数轮回 之世能坚定信念作舍身救世、施物济人的菩萨行以及坚持修行、精进求 法的个人历练,并修满“六度”(即布施、持戒、忍辱、精进、禅定、智 慧)的缘故。“本生”就是讲述佛以上事迹的故事。其中有一部分是佛讲 述弟子及旁类(动物)过去世的故事,谓之本事,梵语作Itivrttaka,音译 伊帝曰多迦。其特点是在故事结尾加“某某即是我也”,因此亦归入佛 的本生。
因缘,梵语作Nidana,音译尼陀那。即人世事物形成的因由和机 缘,指佛向大众讲述生死轮回、因果业报的种种事例以度化众生。
还有一种,谓之譬喻,梵语作Avadtoa,音译阿波陀那,它以譬喻 解说本生、因缘经义,使众生易于领悟。后亦归入本生或因缘。
在早期佛教的传播中,除本生、因缘外,还有佛传。他们之间既有 前后相接的联系,但又各自独立。佛传讲述释迦今世从入胎、降生、成 长到菩提树下悟道成佛的俗人生平。敦煌石窟中的佛传画因另有专卷, 故在此不赘。
佛教传入中国 后,新疆的克孜尔、库木吐拉等多处石窟,大同云冈、洛阳龙门、天水麦积山等多处石窟,都彩绘和雕刻了大量的本生、因缘故事画。上述石窟中虽不乏艺术价值很高的精品,但经全面考察,上述佛教艺术遗迹中所刻绘的本生、因缘故事画,其价值都不及敦煌石窟中的同类故事画。
![](http://pic.ikafan.com/imgp/L3Byb3h5L2h0dHBzL2ltYWdlMTA5LjM2MGRvYy5jbi9Eb3dubG9hZEltZy8yMDIxLzAyLzAzMDEvMjE0NjcwNzQyXzNfMjAyMTAyMDMwMTE3NDA2MDE=.jpg)
![](http://pic.ikafan.com/imgp/L3Byb3h5L2h0dHBzL2ltYWdlMTA5LjM2MGRvYy5jbi9Eb3dubG9hZEltZy8yMDIxLzAyLzAzMDEvMjE0NjcwNzQyXzRfMjAyMTAyMDMwMTE3NDExNzk=.jpg)
![](http://pic.ikafan.com/imgp/L3Byb3h5L2h0dHBzL2ltYWdlMTA5LjM2MGRvYy5jbi9Eb3dubG9hZEltZy8yMDIxLzAyLzAzMDEvMjE0NjcwNzQyXzVfMjAyMTAyMDMwMTE3NDE5OTE=.jpg)
![](http://pic.ikafan.com/imgp/L3Byb3h5L2h0dHBzL2ltYWdlMTA5LjM2MGRvYy5jbi9Eb3dubG9hZEltZy8yMDIxLzAyLzAzMDEvMjE0NjcwNzQyXzZfMjAyMTAyMDMwMTE3NDI3MjY=.jpg)
![](http://pic.ikafan.com/imgp/L3Byb3h5L2h0dHBzL2ltYWdlMTA5LjM2MGRvYy5jbi9Eb3dubG9hZEltZy8yMDIxLzAyLzAzMDEvMjE0NjcwNzQyXzdfMjAyMTAyMDMwMTE3NDM0MzU=.jpg)
![](http://pic.ikafan.com/imgp/L3Byb3h5L2h0dHAvaW1hZ2UxMDkuMzYwZG9jLmNuL0Rvd25sb2FkSW1nLzIwMjEvMDIvMDMwMS8yMTQ2NzA3NDJfOF8yMDIxMDIwMzAxMTc0NDEwMQ==.jpg)
![](http://pic.ikafan.com/imgp/L3Byb3h5L2h0dHAvaW1hZ2UxMDkuMzYwZG9jLmNuL0Rvd25sb2FkSW1nLzIwMjEvMDIvMDMwMS8yMTQ2NzA3NDJfOV8yMDIxMDIwMzAxMTc0NDkxMw==.jpg)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
![](http://n4.ikafan.com/assetsj/blank.gif)
赞 (0)