Combes喹啉合成反应

酸催化下苯胺和β-二酮缩合得到喹啉的反应，反应机理和Conrad–Limpach反应类似（此反应中底物为β-酮酸酯，产物为4-羟基喹啉）。

反应机理

也有可能按电环化机理进行

反应实例

参考文献

1. Combes, A. Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr. 1888, 49, 89. Alphonse-Edmond Combes

(1858-􀀐1896) was born in St. Hippolyte-du-Fort, France. He apprenticed with Wurtz at Paris. He also collaborated with Charles Friedel of the Friedel􀀐-Crafts reaction fame. He became the president of the French Chemical Society in 1893 at the age of 35. His sudden death shortly after his 38th birthday was a great loss to organic chemistry.【Alphonse-Edmond Combes(1858-􀀐1896)，出生于法国圣伊波利特迪弗尔，在巴黎师从Wurtz，曾和Charles Friedel（Friedel􀀐-Crafts反应以他的名字命名）共事。1893年，他以35岁的年纪就任法国化学学会主席。但不幸的是，他刚过了38岁生日就猝然离世，这对于有机化学界是巨大的损失。】

2. Roberts, E. and Turner, E. J. Chem Soc. 1927, 1832-􀀐1857. (Review).

3. Elderfield, R. C. In Heterocyclic Compounds, Elderfield, R. C., ed.; Wiley: New York, 1952, vol. 4, 36–38. (Review).

4. Popp, F. D. and McEwen, W. E. Chem. Rev. 1958, 58, 321–401. (Review).

5. Jones, G. In Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds, Jones, G., ed.; Wiley & Sons, New York, 1977, Quinolines Vol. 32, pp 119–125. (Review).

6. Alunni-Bistocchi, G.; Orvietani, P., Bittoun, P., Ricci, A.; Lescot, E. Pharmazie 1993, 48, 817-􀀐820.

7. El Ouar, M.; Knouzi, N.; Hamelin, J. J. Chem. Res. (S) 1998, 92􀀐-93.

8. Curran, T. T. Combes Quinoline Synthesis. In Name Reactions in Heterocyclic Chemistry; Li, J. J., Ed.; Wiley: Hoboken, NJ, 2005, pp 390􀀐-397. (Review).

编译自：Name Reactions （A Collection of Detailed Reaction Mechanisms）, Jie Jack Li, Combes quinoline synthesis，page 155-156.