20180329 长难句

#长难句每日一句# 是一道配菜，建议你首先消化课程所讲内容之后，再每天来一个长难句来填满碎片时间。切不可不听课，每天只练一个长难句，那就本末倒置了。

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【昨日回顾】

It is not easy to talk about the role of the mass media in this overwhelmingly significant phase in European history.

谈论大众媒体在欧洲历史具有压倒性地重要意义的阶段中所起的作用并不是件容易的事。

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【今日长难句】

History and news become confused, and one’s impressions tend to be a mixture of skepticism and optimism. Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed-and perhaps never before has it served as much to connect different peoples and nations as is the recent events in Europe.

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【首句解析】

1. 本句为and连接的并列句。

2. 前半句为被动形式，“History and news become confused”译为：历史和新闻被混为一谈。注意：confused 此时不能被看做是形容词，因为confused做形容词表示人的心情（adj. 困惑的；混乱的；糊涂的）而主语是“历史和新闻”。因此，confused在该句中为被动形式。

3. 后半句可理解为主系表结构：one’s impressions/ tend to be/ a mixture of skepticism and optimism.

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【二句子分段】

Television is one of the means || by which these feelings are created and conveyed—|| and perhaps never before has it served as much to connect different peoples and nations || as in the recent events in Europe.

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【二句子结构】

1. 前半句为句子主干为主系表结构，即：Television/ is/ one of the mean. 译为：电视是。。。的方式之一。

2. by which引导定语从句修饰means，译为：引发/创造和传递这种感受的…

3. and perhaps 后为倒装句（表否定的副词或短语位于主语之前，该句半倒装），即：never before + has it served as much to connect different peoples and nations. has it served to do 为现在完成时的半倒装形式。该句译为：它以前从未像。。。一样起到将不同民族和国家联系到一起的作用。

4. as much …as in the recent events in Europe 为比较状语，嵌套进上一个否定+倒装句的结构中。译为：像在欧洲近来发生的事件中一样。

5. 需要注意的是：整句话的译为可以采用顺序译法，见译文1，也可以采用修饰成分单独成句的方式，见译文2.

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【词的处理】

confuse vt. 使混乱；使困惑

tend to 趋向；注意；易于；有…的倾向

mixture n. 混合；混合物；混合剂

skepticism n. 怀疑论；怀疑的态度

optimism n. 乐观；乐观主义

means 手段；

create 引发，创造；

convey 传递；

serve 作用

people 民族

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【参考译文】

History and news become confused, and one’s impressions tend to be a mixture of skepticism and optimism.Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed-and perhaps never before has it served as much to connect different peoples and nations as is the recent events in Europe.

译文1：历史和新闻被混为一谈，人们的印象往往夹杂着怀疑论和乐观主义。电视是创造并传递这种感受的首段之一—它从未像在近来欧洲发生的事件中一样把不同的民族和国家联系到一起。

译文2：历史和新闻被混为一谈，人们的印象往往夹杂着怀疑论和乐观主义。电视是引发和传递这些感受的手段之一—在欧洲近来发生的事件中，它把不同的民族和国家连到一起，其作用之大，前所未有。

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【明日长难句预告】

The Europe that is now forming cannot be anything other than its peoples, their cultures and national identities. With this in mind we can begin to analyze the European television scene.

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