【总结】Oracle数据库 查看表空间和增加表空间

一、Oracle查看 表空间 的名称及其大小

查看 表空间的名称及其大小的SQL语句：

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select t1.tablespace_name,round(sum(bytes/(1024*1024)),0) tablespace_Size_MB
from dba_tablespaces t1, dba_data_files t2
where t1.tablespace_name = t2.tablespace_name  
group by t1.tablespace_name; 

查询结果：

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TABLESPACE_NAME                TABLESPACE_SIZE_MB
------------------------------ ------------------
DLOTTEY                                    276480
SYSAUX                                      48450
UNDOTBS1                                    20000
INDEXMT                                     10240
USERS                                        1041
SYSTEM                                      10240
UNDOTBS2                                    20000
MMLOTTERY                                  215040
8 rows selected.

　

二、Oracle查看 表空间 的具体使用情况

方法1：（未排序）

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select a.tablespace_name "tablespace_name",
    totalspace "totalspaceM",
    freespace "freespaceM",
    round((1-freespace/totalspace)*100,2) "round%"
from
    (select tablespace_name,round(sum(bytes)/1024/1024) totalspace from dba_data_files group by tablespace_name) a,
    (select tablespace_name,round(sum(bytes)/1024/1024) freespace from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name) b
where a.tablespace_name=b.tablespace_name;

查询结果：

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tablespace_name          totalspaceM freespaceM     round%
------------------------ ----------- ---------- ----------
DLOTTEY                       276480     232415      15.94
SYSAUX                         48450       9683      80.01
UNDOTBS1                       20000      19741        1.3
INDEXMT                        10240      10024       2.11
USERS                           1041        138      86.74
SYSTEM                         10240       4344      57.58
UNDOTBS2                       20000      19601          2
MMLOTTERY                     215040      36279      83.13
8 rows selected.

　　

方法二：（查询结果排序）　　

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select a.tablespace_name,
    a.bytes/1024/1024 "Sum MB",
    (a.bytes-b.bytes)/1024/1024 "used MB",
    b.bytes/1024/1024 "free MB",
    round(((a.bytes-b.bytes)/a.bytes)*100,2) "percent_used"
from
    (select tablespace_name,sum(bytes) bytes from dba_data_files group by tablespace_name) a,
    (select tablespace_name,sum(bytes) bytes,max(bytes) largest from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name) b
where a.tablespace_name=b.tablespace_name
order by ((a.bytes-b.bytes)/a.bytes) desc;

　　

查询结果：

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TABLESPACE_NAME            Sum MB    used MB    free MB percent_used
---------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------
USERS                     1041.25    903.375    137.875        86.76
MMLOTTERY                  215040     178761      36279        83.13
SYSAUX                      48450      38767       9683        80.01
SYSTEM                      10240   5896.125   4343.875        57.58
DLOTTEY                    276480 44065.4375 232414.563        15.94
INDEXMT                     10240    215.625  10024.375         2.11
UNDOTBS2                    20000   399.3125 19600.6875            2
UNDOTBS1                    20000      257.5    19742.5         1.29
8 rows selected.

　　

三、Oracle查看 表空间物理文件 的名称及大小

set lines 150;
col tablespace_name for a20;
col file_name for a60;

1、查询所有的表空间

SQL语句：
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select tablespace_name, file_id, file_name,  
    round(bytes/(1024*1024),0) total_space_MB  
from dba_data_files  
order by tablespace_name; 

　　

2、查询指定的表空间

SQL语句：
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select tablespace_name, file_id, file_name,  
    round(bytes/(1024*1024),0) total_space_MB  
from dba_data_files
where tablespace_name = 'MMLOTTERY'
order by tablespace_name;  

查询结果：

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TABLESPACE_NAME        FILE_ID FILE_NAME                                   TOTAL_SPACE_MB
------------------- ---------- ------------------------------------------- --------------
MMLOTTERY                   18 +DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery01.dbf                30720
MMLOTTERY                   19 +DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery02.dbf                30720
MMLOTTERY                   20 +DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery03.dbf                30720
MMLOTTERY                   22 +DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery04.dbf                30720
MMLOTTERY                   23 +DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery05.dbf                30720
MMLOTTERY                   26 +DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery06.dbf                30720
MMLOTTERY                   27 +DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery07.dbf                30720
7 rows selected.

　　

四、Oracle查看 表 真实占用的空间

SQL语句：

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select t.owner,t.segment_name,t.segment_type,
    sum(t.bytes/1024/1024) used_MB
from dba_segments t
where owner = 'MMLOTTERY'
group by owner,segment_name,segment_type
order by used_MB desc;

查询结果：

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OWNER               SEGMENT_NAME                     SEGMENT_TYPE          USED_MB
------------------- -------------------------------- ------------------ ----------
MMLOTTERY           TB_ORIGINAL_ORDERDETAILS         TABLE                    1792
MMLOTTERY           TB_LOTTERY_SALEDETAIL            TABLE                    1472
MMLOTTERY           TB_LOTTERYSCHEMEINFO_ADD         TABLE                    1280
MMLOTTERY           TEST_007                         TABLE                    1152
MMLOTTERY           TB_ACCOUNT_OPERATE_DETAIL        TABLE                     808
MMLOTTERY           PK14                             INDEX                     377
MMLOTTERY           PK14_11                          INDEX                     312
MMLOTTERY           PK14_13                          INDEX                     200
MMLOTTERY           PK14_12                          INDEX                     160
MMLOTTERY           TB_BONUS_ORDERDETAILS            TABLE                     160
MMLOTTERY           TB_WINBONUS_DETAIL               TABLE                     144
11 rows selected.

　　

　　

五、Oracle 增加表空间

语法：
    alter tablespace {表空间名字} add datafile '物理数据文件路径' SIZE 『初始大小M』 AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 『自动扩展大小M』
例子：

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alter tablespace MMLOTTERY add datafile '+DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery08.dbf' size 30720m autoextend on next 200m;

注意：如果添加表空间的文件名重复，那么会报错，如下：

SQL> alter tablespace MMLOTTERY add datafile '+DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery08.dbf' size 30720m autoextend on next 200m;alter tablespace MMLOTTERY add datafile '+DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery08.dbf' size 30720m autoextend on next 200m*ERROR at line 1:ORA-01537: cannot add file '+DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery08.dbf' - file already part of database
若 datafile 加错到表空间，则执行删除操作。
alter tablespace MMLOTTERY drop datafile '+DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery08.dbf';
或者
alter database datafile '+DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery08.dbf' offline drop;

　

六、Oracle 临时表空间的查看与增加

查看临时表空间
SQL语句：
select tablespace_name,file_id,file_name,round(bytes/1024/1024,0) temp_size_MB from dba_temp_files;
查询结果：
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TABLESPACE_NAME      FILE_ID FILE_NAME                                     TEMP_SIZE_MB
----------------- ---------- --------------------------------------------- ------------
TEMP                       1 +DATA/ora11g/tempfile/temp.262.917714589             20000
增加临时表空间文件
SQL语句：
alter tablespace TEMP add tempfile '+DATA/ora11g/tempfile/temp01.dbf' size 20000m autoextend on next 2000m;

七、查看表空间是否为自增

表空间是有数据文件组成的，所以看表空间是否自增即看数据文件，如下查自增的表空间：　

select tablespace_name,file_name,autoextensible from dba_data_files where autoextensible='YES';

autoextensible: YES/NO 即表示是否自增。

示例：

SQL> select tablespace_name,file_name,autoextensible from dba_data_files where TABLESPACE_NAME='USERS';TABLESPACE_NAME      FILE_NAME                                                    AUT-------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ---USERS                +DATA/ora11g/datafile/users.264.917714693                    YES

【实例】Oracle 表空间的查看与增加

步骤 1、查看表空间的具体使用情况

 SQL语句，如下：

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select a.tablespace_name,
    a.bytes/1024/1024 "Sum MB",
    (a.bytes-b.bytes)/1024/1024 "used MB",
    b.bytes/1024/1024 "free MB",
    round(((a.bytes-b.bytes)/a.bytes)*100,2) "percent_used"
from
    (select tablespace_name,sum(bytes) bytes from dba_data_files group by tablespace_name) a,
    (select tablespace_name,sum(bytes) bytes,max(bytes) largest from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name) b
where a.tablespace_name=b.tablespace_name
order by ((a.bytes-b.bytes)/a.bytes) desc;

　　

查询结果：

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TABLESPACE_NAME            Sum MB    used MB    free MB percent_used
---------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------
USERS                     1041.25    903.375    137.875        86.76
MMLOTTERY                  215040     178761      36279        83.13
SYSAUX                      48450      38767       9683        80.01
SYSTEM                      10240   5896.125   4343.875        57.58
DLOTTEY                    276480 44065.4375 232414.563        15.94
INDEXMT                     10240    215.625  10024.375         2.11
UNDOTBS2                    20000   399.3125 19600.6875            2
UNDOTBS1                    20000      257.5    19742.5         1.29
8 rows selected.

　　

步骤2、查看指定表空间（MMLOTTERY）的物理文件名称及其大小

set lines 150;
col tablespace_name for a20;
col file_name for a60;
SQL语句：
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select tablespace_name, file_id, file_name,  
    round(bytes/(1024*1024),0) total_space_MB  
from dba_data_files
where tablespace_name = 'MMLOTTERY'
order by tablespace_name;  

查询结果：

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TABLESPACE_NAME        FILE_ID FILE_NAME                                   TOTAL_SPACE_MB
------------------- ---------- ------------------------------------------- --------------
MMLOTTERY                   18 +DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery01.dbf                30720
MMLOTTERY                   19 +DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery02.dbf                30720
MMLOTTERY                   20 +DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery03.dbf                30720
MMLOTTERY                   22 +DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery04.dbf                30720
MMLOTTERY                   23 +DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery05.dbf                30720
MMLOTTERY                   26 +DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery06.dbf                30720
MMLOTTERY                   27 +DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery07.dbf                30720
7 rows selected.

　　

步骤3、增加指定表空间（MMLOTTERY）的大小

增加指定表空间的大小，SQL语句：

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SQL> alter tablespace MMLOTTERY add datafile '+DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery.dbf' size 30720m;        
Tablespace altered.

　　

根据步骤2的命令，查询增加后的结果：

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TABLESPACE_NAME         FILE_ID FILE_NAME                                                    TOTAL_SPACE_MB
-------------------- ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ --------------
MMLOTTERY                      18 +DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery01.dbf                                   30720
MMLOTTERY                      19 +DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery02.dbf                                   30720
MMLOTTERY                      20 +DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery03.dbf                                   30720
MMLOTTERY                      22 +DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery04.dbf                                   30720
MMLOTTERY                      23 +DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery05.dbf                                   30720
MMLOTTERY                      26 +DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery06.dbf                                   30720
MMLOTTERY                      27 +DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery07.dbf                                   30720
MMLOTTERY                      28 +DATA/ora11g/datafile/mmlottery08.dbf                                   30720
8 rows selected.

　　

步骤4、查看增加表空间后的具体情况

SQL语句：

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select a.tablespace_name,
    a.bytes/1024/1024 "Sum MB",
    (a.bytes-b.bytes)/1024/1024 "used MB",
    b.bytes/1024/1024 "free MB",
    round(((a.bytes-b.bytes)/a.bytes)*100,2) "percent_used"
from
    (select tablespace_name,sum(bytes) bytes from dba_data_files group by tablespace_name) a,
    (select tablespace_name,sum(bytes) bytes,max(bytes) largest from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name) b
where a.tablespace_name=b.tablespace_name
and a.tablespace_name='MMLOTTERY';

　　

查询结果：

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TABLESPACE_NAME          Sum MB    used MB    free MB percent_used
-------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------
MMLOTTERY                245760     179218      66542        72.92

　　

【备注】

Oracle只查询一条记录的语句：
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select * from tablename where rownum = 1;

　

修改用户默认表空间
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alter user user_name default tablespace dev_tb;
alter user user_name temporary tablespace dev_temp;
查看数据文件是否有数据：
只需查看数据文件中是否包含extent段。如果有extent（索引段，数据段）段，则说明数据文件中有数据。
使用dba_extents视图和dba_data_files视图进行连接查询。
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select t.file_name,t1.owner,t1.segment_name,t1.segment_type,t1.tablespace_name from dba_data_files t,dba_extents t1 where t.file_id=t1.file_id and file_name='你要查询的数据文件路径';

　　

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