Mol Plant| 武汉大学生科院何光存教授团队揭示Bph30通过增强水稻叶鞘厚壁组织来增强对褐飞虱的抗性

以韧皮部为食的昆虫对农业和园艺造成巨大损失。寄主植物对韧皮部取食昆虫的抗性通常是通过韧皮部成分的变化来抑制昆虫的沉降、取食和生存能力。本文介绍了一种水稻对以韧皮部为食的褐飞虱(BPH)的抗性机制，该机制与强化厚壁组织有关。厚壁组织位于水稻叶鞘的表皮下，离维管束有一或两层细胞层。我们发现，bph更喜欢以水稻叶鞘表面光滑柔软的长细胞块为食。含有Bph30的水稻阻止BPH花梗通过强化的厚壁组织到达韧皮部。Bph30在厚壁组织细胞中强烈表达，增强纤维素和半纤维素的合成，使细胞壁变硬，厚壁组织变厚。结构强化的厚壁组织是一个强大的屏障，防止BPH花柱穿透组织到达韧皮部取食。Bph30属于一个具有两个富亮氨酸结构域的新基因家族。该家族的另一个成员Bph40也授予了对BPH的抗性。本研究揭示的增强厚壁组织介导的抗性扩展了我们对植物-昆虫相互作用的理解，并为水稻飞虱的防治开辟了新的途径。

Phloem-feeding insects cause massive losses in agriculture and horticulture. Host plant-mediated resistance to phloem-feeding insects is often mediated by changes in phloem composition to deter insect settling, feeding and viability. Here, we describe a mechanism of resistance to the phloem-feeding brown planthopper (BPH) associated with the fortified sclerenchyma tissue, which is just beneath the epidermis and a cell layer or two away from the vascular bundle in the rice leaf sheath. We found that BPHs prefer to feed on the smooth and soft region on the surface of rice leaf sheaths called the long-cell block. Rice containing Bph30 prevents BPH stylets from reaching the phloem through the fortified sclerenchyma. Bph30 is strongly expressed in sclerenchyma cells and enhances cellulose and hemicellulose synthesis, making the cell walls stiffer and sclerenchyma thicker. The structurally fortified sclerenchyma is a formidable barrier preventing BPH stylets from penetrating the tissues and arriving at the phloem to feed. Bph30 belongs to a novel gene family with two leucine-rich domains. Another member of the family, Bph40, also conferred resistance to BPH. The fortified sclerenchyma-mediated resistance revealed in this study expands our understanding of plant-insect interaction and opens a new path to control planthoppers in rice.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2021.07.004

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